20世纪70年代，伴随着全球范围内的大规模绿色生态运动蓬勃发展，“西方马克思主义”中诞生出了“生态学马克思主义”这一新兴流派。西方马克思主义者深刻认识到全球环境问题的严峻性和紧迫性，开始探寻生态危机的本质并寻找解决生态危机的有效途径。他们的思想和理论是对西方马克思主义的进一步深化拓展。

加拿大学者本·阿格尔（1952-，美国德克萨斯大学社会学教授，以下简称阿格尔）是学术界在探讨生态学马克思主义时绕不开的核心人物之一，西方学者们的诸多批判性理论为他思想的诞生提供了丰沃土壤。他在马克思主义世界观和方法论的引导下，着重探索资本主义社会的不合理或异化现象，于《西方马克思主义概论》一书中指出资本家对无限财富的追求是资本主义的扩张动力之一，生态危机的根源在于资本主义制度。他认为，要想真正克服生态危机，就要进行社会主义革命，通过建立稳态经济模式、分散化小规模生产、将马克思主义与北美民粹主义相结合等方式构建新的生态社会主义，在正确幸福观的指引下实现人的全面自由发展。

本文通过研读《西方马克思主义概论》及相关的学术资料，系统性地探究和梳理了阿格尔生态学马克思主义的内容及启示。此次研究不仅涵盖了对资本主义社会中异化现象的多维度剖析，而且还细致勾勒出生态社会主义愿景的实践蓝图。除此之外，本文还对阿格尔理论的可行性与不足进行了综合评价，尤其强调了他对民粹主义影响力的理想化解读，以及生态社会主义理想中隐含的理想主义倾向。鉴于二十大提出的发展绿色经济、促进人与自然和谐共存的战略方向，本文主张以批判性思维来考量阿格尔的生态学马克思主义。通过解析阿格尔的思想，不仅可以丰富我国生态文明理论框架，还能有效加速我国在新时代背景下践行社会主义生态文明建设进程，展现我国在全球环境治理领域扮演的的积极角色，与世界各国携手迈向全球生态安全与可持续发展目标。

In the 1970s, along with the vigorous development of the large-scale green ecological movement around the world, the emerging school of "ecological Marxism" was born in the "Western Marxism". The Western Marxists are deeply aware of the severity and urgency of the global environmental problems, and begin to explore the essence of the ecological crisis and find the effective ways to solve the ecological crisis. Their thoughts and theories are the further deepening and expansion of western Marxism.

Canadian scholar Agger Ben (1952-, professor of sociology at the University of Texas, hereinafter referred to as Agger) is one of the core figures in the academic circle in the discussion of ecological Marxism. Many critical theories of western scholars provide rich soil for the birth of his thoughts. Under the guidance of the Marxist world outlook and methodology, he began to explore the unreasonable or alienated phenomenon of capitalist society. In the book Introduction to Western Marxism, he pointed out that the pursuit of unlimited wealth by capitalists is one of the driving forces for the expansion of capitalism, and the root of the ecological crisis lies in the capitalist system. He believed that in order to truly overcome the ecological crisis, it is necessary to carry out socialist revolution, build a new ecological socialism by establishing a steady economic model, dispersing small-scale production, and combining Marxism with North American populism, so as to realize the comprehensive and free development of people under the guidance of the correct view of happiness.

Through studying Introduction to Western Marxism and related academic materials, this paper systematically explores and sorts out the content and enlightenment of gger ecological Marxism. This study not only covers the multi-dimensional analysis of the phenomenon of alienation in the capitalist society, but also carefully outlines the practical blueprint of the vision of ecological socialism. In this process, this paper makes a comprehensive evaluation of the feasibility and shortcomings of Agger's theory, especially emphasizing his idealized interpretation of populist influence and the idealistic tendency implied in the ideal of ecological socialism. In view of the strategic direction of developing green economy and promoting the harmonious coexistence of man and nature proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, this paper advocates to consider Agger's ecological Marxism with critical thinking. Through the analysis of his ideas, not only can enrich our country ecological civilization theory framework, also can effectively accelerate our country under the background of the new era practice of socialist ecological civilization construction process, show our country's positive role in the field of global environmental governance, together with the rest of the world towards the global ecological security and sustainable development goals.

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