我国煤自燃及瓦斯爆炸灾害非常严重，煤自燃产生的大量可燃性气体与高温环境促发了瓦斯爆炸。因煤自燃导致的瓦斯爆炸事故，不仅对矿井作业人员的生命健康有着不极大威胁，而且还会造成资源损失。本文采用高温程序升温实验和20L爆炸球实验，对不同氧浓度下燃点处多元可燃气体爆炸危险性进行研究，得出了不同温度下不同多元可燃气体配比的爆炸极限参数及爆炸危险性。并采用经验公式计算出煤自燃特征温度点处多元可燃气体的爆炸危险性，取得的研究成果如下：

（1）经高温程序升温实验得出氧浓度为21%、15%和9%下，O₂、CO、CO₂、CH₄、C₂H₆、C₂H₄、C₂H₂、C₃H₈、C₃H₆、C₃H₄、C₄H₁₀及C₄H₆气体的产生规律及产生速率，分析得出不同氧浓度下燃点分别为340℃、370℃和390℃。

（2）在氧浓度为21%、15%和9%的供氧条件下，根据高温程序升温实验结果配置多元可燃性气体。用20L球形爆炸罐在初始温度为30℃至150℃之间进行爆炸实验测试，结果发现15%氧浓度下配比气体爆炸危险性最大，21%氧浓度下次之，9%氧浓度下最小。这是由于含氢C₂及以上烃类气体本身爆炸极限性质及燃烧热值均高于CH₄和CO气体，故研究更多组分气体参与的煤自燃诱发瓦斯爆炸危险性是十分必要的。

（3）用20L爆炸球实验发现，在初始温度为室温的条件下，随着氧浓度的降低，爆炸极限范围明显减小，爆炸危险性降低。利用经验公式对各配比气体爆炸极限进行计算，得出不同氧浓度下不同配比气体在特征温度点处的爆炸危险度F值及爆炸危险性。初始温度的升高，增大了气体爆炸极限的范围，增大了爆炸危险度F值，增加了气体爆炸危险性。利用实验测试得出的气体爆炸极限拟合式及经验公式对温度范围为30~390℃范围内的多元可燃气体爆炸危险度进行预测，发现温度的升高明显增大了多组分气体的爆炸危险度，研究成果对煤自燃与瓦斯爆炸灾害协同防控提供基础和依据具有重要的实际意义。

The disasters of coal spontaneous combustion and gas explosion in our country are very serious. A large amount of combustible gas and high-temperature environment produced by coal spontaneous combustion have promoted the gas explosion. Gas explosion accidents caused by spontaneous combustion of coal not only pose a low threat to the lives and health of mine operators but also cause resource loss. In this thesis, the high-temperature programmed temperature experiment and the 20L explosion ball experiment were used to study the explosion hazards of multi-element combustible gases at the ignition point under different oxygen concentrations, and the explosion limit parameters and explosion hazards of different multi-element combustible gas ratios at different temperatures were obtained. And the empirical formula was used to calculate the explosion hazard of the multi-element combustible gas at the characteristic temperature point of coal spontaneous combustion. The research results obtained are as follows:

（1）According to the high-temperature program temperature increase experiment, under the oxygen concentration of 21%, 15%, and 9%, O₂, CO, CO₂, CH₄, C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₂H₂, C₃H₈, C₃H₆, C₃H₄, C₄H₁₀, and C₄H₆ gas generation law, and the production rate, the analysis shows that the ignition points at different oxygen concentrations are 340℃, 370℃, and 390℃ respectively.

（2）Under the oxygen supply conditions of 21%, 15%, and 9% oxygen concentration, configure multiple combustible gases according to the results of the high-temperature program temperature increase experiment. The explosion experiment test was carried out with a 20L spherical explosion tank at an initial temperature of 30℃ to 150℃, and the results found that the explosion risk of the proportioning gas is the largest under 15% oxygen concentration, 21% oxygen concentration is the next time, and 9% oxygen concentration is the smallest. . This is because hydrocarbon gases containing hydrogen C₂ and above have higher explosion limits and higher combustion calorific values ​​than CH₄ and CO gases. Therefore, it is necessary to study the risk of gas explosion induced by coal spontaneous combustion with more component gases.

（3）Experiments with a 20L explosive ball found that under the condition that the initial temperature is room temperature, with the decrease of oxygen concentration, the explosion limit range is significantly reduced, and the explosion risk is reduced. Empirical formulas are used to calculate the explosion limit of each proportion of gas, and the explosion risk F value and explosion risk of different proportions of gas at characteristic temperature points under different oxygen concentrations are obtained. The increase of the initial temperature increases the range of the gas explosion limit, increases the explosion risk F value, and increases the gas explosion risk. The gas explosion limit fitting formula and empirical formula obtained from experimental tests were used to predict the explosion risk of multi-component combustible gases in the temperature range of 30~390℃, and it was found that the increase in temperature significantly increased the explosion of multi-component gases. The degree of danger and research results have important practical significance for providing the basis and basis for the coordinated prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion and gas explosion disasters.

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