摘 要 随着经济的全球化发展和竞争和顾客要求的不断提高，促使信息技术和物流技术飞速发展。供应链管理作为一种基于全球视角的管理思想和方法被人们给与越来越多的重视。同时，电子商务的发展又和供应链的发展相互融合、相互促进。供应链管理的精神实质就是合作双赢。但就目前来说，对于供应链的协作研究琳琅满目，但纷杂而各成体系。特别是就供应链的协作模式而言，本文在对目前的一些有关供应链协作的理论进行研究后，最终得出了供应链供需协作模式体系，为供应链理论的发展和应用做出了有益的探索。 在以往研究的基础上，本文将供应链中企业间的协作关系根据协作的紧密程度从时间上可划分为四个阶段：传统的企业关系、物流关系、合作伙伴关系、战略伙伴关系。并力图应用价值链的思想对供应链协作关系进行分析。随着企业间协作关系的逐渐紧密，企业间的价值链在物流、信息流以及资金流三个层面上逐渐对接，逐渐形成供应链的价值链。此外，对于供应链协作的形成，本文考虑了供应商加盟供应链问题，供应商一方面要综合考虑生存风险度和最大可能收益值的大小，另一方面还要比较加盟不同的供应链以后的得益的大小。供应链协作关系形成以后，在战略层次上，本文对供应链战略协同管理作了较详细的论述。 作为核心内容，本文从企业的角度得出了供应链企业间的供需协作模式，提出了供应链中的供需协作模式体系。首先，从宏观上引入了推式和拉式的供应链供需协作模式，并对其发展作了简要的论述；从微观上阐释了供应链中一般存在的基本的供需协作模式。其次，在前文引入“核心企业”的概念后，本文站在企业的角度将供应链中的供需协作模式依照供应链核心的不同分为以供应商型、生产商型、分销商型、顾客型及物流商型，并分别加以分析论述。 最后，本文提出供应链协作效率评价的参考模型，并举例说明其应用。这一效率评价参考模型为企业在供应链管理实践中进行角色选择和定位具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。

ABSTRACT With the economy development and competition’s globalization and the customer require rising unceasingly, the development of information technology and logistics technology are impelled speedily. As a management idea or means based on a global angle, supply chain management (SCM) is devoted more and more. At the same time, the development of the electronic commerce (EC) compromises and promotes the development of the supply chain (SC) mutually. SCM’s essence is coordination and triumph each other. Up till now, studies on the SC coordination are superb collection of beautiful things, yet numerous and disorderly and different one-tenth setup. Especially, as far as the coordination pattern, some present theories about the SC coordination are researched, and then the SC coordination pattern setup is finally obtained, which makes useful exploration for the development and application of SCM. Based on the past researches, according to the inseparable degree of the coordination relationship, the coordination relationship among corporations in SCM may be divided on time, to four phases: traditional business relationship, logistics relationship, partner relationship and strategy mate relationship. The value chain idea is applied to analyze the coordination relationship among corporations in SCM. In the wake of work in close cooperation between the enterprises one by one, and the value chain between the enterprises is jointed on three levels: logistics, information flows and capital flows, which forms the value chain of the supply chain. Moreover, as to the formation of the SC coordination, the problem of supplier joining in SC is considered. On the one hand, supplier should synthetically consider the value of the living hazard degree and the maximum likelihood profit; on the other hand, profit will be compared when joining in the different SC. After formed the SC coordination relationship，in the strategy level, the SC strategic coordination is addressed in detailed. As the core of the thesis, the supply-demand coordination pattern in SC is obtained from the enterprise angle, and the supply-demand coordination pattern setup is proposed. First of all, it introduces the drawing and pushing style of the supply-demand coordination pattern in SC on macroscopic view, and discusses simply its development; then explains the foundational supply-demand coordination patterns in SC on microcosmic view. Secondly, after introduced “the core enterprise”, the supply-demand coordination pattern are divided into supplier style, manufacturer style, distribution enterprise style, customer style and logistics enterprise style, and then all are discussed. Finally, the reference pattern is proposed to evaluate SC coordination efficiency, and its application is illustrated. The pattern has specified reference value and direction sense when enterprise chooses part and fixes position in SCM practice.