摘要

当今，世界各国排放温室气体的影响已经超越了生态环境领域，而且渗透到了政治、经济和社会发展等各个领域，它不仅关系到人类自身的存在，也关系到整个世界的和平与安全。在对传统发展方式进行反思的同时，我们也越来越意识到，降低人类活动对生态环境的影响是非常重要的。与此同时，世界上各国也纷纷采取了不同的措施来降低温室气体的排放量，从而降低其对人们生活环境造成的冲击。我们可以看出，伴随着世界经济的不断发展，在一段时期之内，二氧化碳的排放量也会不断增加，再加上国家人口的不断增长，对资源的需求量越来越大，并且在不同的国家中其经济发展程度也会不同，使得降碳减污的任务依然很严峻。在这一背景提出“碳减排”战略目标具有重要意义。

中国特色社会主义发展已经步入新的历史时期，为低碳舒适的美好生活提出了新的要求。习近平总书记曾不止一次地指出，“实现中华民族的伟大复兴进入到了一个不可逆转的历史时期”，必须始终保持，为人民过上更好的生活而不断奋斗的劲头，这是当代中国马克思主义和21世纪马克思主义发展的一个重要问题。随着经济的不断发展人们的需要也在不断提高，低碳的、舒适的生态环境就是我们现在人们对美好生活向往的一部分。基于此，如何深入探究和把握“碳减排”就成为学术界广泛关注的议题。然而，我们唯有继续坚持唯物史观，才能够将对于我国特色的社会主义规律的认识提高到新水平，持续不断的开辟出当代中国马克思主义发展的新境界。文章共分为4个部分，以马克思创立的唯物史观为理论指导，对我国实现“碳减排”的路径进行分析。第一部分是文章的绪论，该部分主要阐述本论文的研究背景和意义，并对国内外研究本问题的现状进行整理、归类，阐释说明了文章的研究思路、方法以及创新点。第二部分是相关理论概述，系统性地对唯物史观、碳减排的相关理论以及两者之间的辩证关系进行了理论架构。第三部分对我国“碳减排”现状及原因进行展开分析，指出我国在“碳减排”这一领域所做出的努力和已经取得的成就。针对我国碳排放量持续增长并且区域差异比较大、人民群众对“碳减排”的意识不强、减排技术相对滞后等问题，同时分析了其存在实现全面绿色转型的基础比较薄弱、科学技术创新能力不足、人民群众的主体地位发挥不够等原因。第四部分是文章的重点，针对上述存在的问题，主要从坚持以唯物史观为指导、推动全面绿色转型新生活、注重技术创新、调动人民群众的积极性和主动性等，为我国“碳减排”提供具体路径建议。

ABSTRACT

Nowadays,the impact of greenhouse gases emitted by countries in the world has gone beyond the field of ecological environment, and has penetrated into various fields such as political, economic and social development. It is not only related to the existence of human beings, but also related to the peace and security of the whole world.While reflecting on traditional ways of development, we are also increasingly aware of the importance of reducing the impact of human activities on the ecological environment. At the same time, countries in the world have also taken different measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, so as to reduce its impact on people's living environment. As we can see, with the continuous development of the world economy, in a period of time, the emission of carbon dioxide will continue to increase, coupled with the continuous growth of national population, the demand for resources will become larger and larger, and the degree of economic development in different countries will be different, so the task of carbon reduction and pollution reduction is still very serious. In this context, it is of great significance to put forward the strategic objective of "carbon reduction".

The development of socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new historical period, putting forward new requirements for a low-carbon and comfortable life.Meeting the increasingly growing needs of the people for a low-carbon and comfortable beautiful life has not only become the goal of resolving social conflicts but also constitutes a major topic for developing contemporary Chinese Marxism and Marxism in the 21st century. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized on numerous occasions that "the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process" and that we must adhere to the enthusiasm of "continuing to work tirelessly for the people's aspirations for a better life." As the economy continues to develop, people's needs are also constantly increasing, and a low-carbon and comfortable ecological environment is now part of people's aspirations for a better life.In light of this, how to thoroughly explore and grasp "carbon reduction" has become a widely discussed topic in academia. However, only by continuing to adhere to historical materialism can we raise our understanding of the law of socialism with Chinese characteristics to a new level and continuously open up a new realm for the development of contemporary Chinese Marxism. The article is divided into four parts, with Marx's historical materialism as the theoretical guidance, to our country to achieve "carbon emission reduction" path analysis.The first part is the introduction of the paper, which mainly describes the research background and significance of this paper, and collates and classifies the status quo of research on this issue at home and abroad, and explains the research ideas, methods and innovations of the paper. The second part is an overview of the relevant theories, which systematically constructs the historical materialism, the relevant theories of carbon emission reduction and the dialectical relationship between them.The third part analyzes the current situation and reasons of China's "carbon emission reduction", and points out the efforts and achievements made by China in this field. In view of the continuous growth of China's carbon emissions and the relatively large regional differences, the people's awareness of "carbon emission reduction" is not strong, the emission reduction technology is relatively lagging behind and other problems, and at the same time, it analyzes the existing reasons for the weak foundation for the realization of comprehensive green transformation, the lack of scientific and technological innovation ability, and the insufficient play of the main role of the people. The fourth part is the focus of the article, in view of the above existing problems, mainly from adhering to the historical materialism as the guidance, promoting the comprehensive green transformation of new life, paying attention to technological innovation, mobilizing the enthusiasm and initiative of the people, and so on, to provide specific path suggestions for China's "carbon emission reduction".

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