兖州矿区东滩矿邻近的鲍店、兴隆庄煤矿曾多次出现井壁破裂现象，至今唯有东滩煤矿井壁没有破裂。但资料显示，西风井井壁的竖直附加应力在逐年增大，并随着矿井开采强度和范围的逐年加大，同时第四系含水层水位亦有所下降，井壁变形持续增加。采用光纤Bragg光栅监测系统预测井壁变形的方法，能够满足矿山远距离、分布式和长期性的技术要求，同时可以实现在线传输和实时分析。 本文依据光纤Bragg光栅传感的基本原理，分析了钻孔埋入光纤Bragg光栅的应变传递理论和中间层水泥砂浆的弹性模量和泊松比对平均应变传递率的影响。采用松散地层失水沉降理论计算模型，建立了层位变形量与地表沉降量的关系。研究了适于东滩煤矿西风井地层沉降的光纤Bragg光栅监测系统方案，并借助3G网络无线传输，实现了数据的远距离分享。通过光纤Bragg光栅监测地层沉降应变传递影响参数实验和西风井地层沉降与光纤Bragg光栅波长漂移量对应关系的相似模拟，得出了光栅监测封孔用水泥砂浆最有利配比，地层沉降与光纤Bragg光栅波长漂移量的线性关系；得出了现场封孔砂浆配比的力学参数，并计算出了各封孔段的光纤光栅应变传递率，为现场施工和数据分析提供有力条件。 基于理论研究，顺利完成了西风井地层沉降光纤Bragg光栅监测系统的安装，并对安装过程和后期的监测数据进行了分析。光纤Bragg光栅监测系统受第一次注浆影响较为明显，系统稳定后大部分光纤Bragg光栅传感器中心波长回落到接近初值状态。同时，光纤Bragg光栅监测系统也实现矿井抽水、注水试验的实时监测，缓解了松散地层失水沉降状态。依据长期的监测数据，对西风井的井壁变形做了初步预测。

Dongtan coal mine nearby Baodian and Xinglongzhuang coal mine which belongs to Yanzhou mining area, appeared wall crack repeatedly, but to this days, Shaft lining has been not rupturing in Dongtan coal mine. However, observation shows that vertical additional stress of wall in the west airshaft increased with the mining intensity and range year by year, decreased of water level in the Quaternary aquifer, made the wall deformation increases. The monitoring of the FBG sensors system prediction method of wall deformation, which can satisfy the requirements of mine remote, distribution and long-term technology, and realize the on-line transmission and real-time analysis. In this paper, according to the basic principle of fiber Bragg grating sensor, analyzed the effect of borehole embedded fiber Bragg grating strain transform theory and the modulus of elasticity and poisson's ratio of the middle layer cement mortar on the average Strain Transform Coefficient. By the theoretical of unconsolidated strata dehydration subsidence calculation model, established the strata deformation and surface subsidence. Studied the optimal west airshaft strata subsidence monitoring system scheme in Dongtan coal mine by fiber Bragg grating, and with the aid of 3G wireless transmission, achieves data sharing over a long distance. Through strata subsidence of fiber Bragg grating monitoring strain transfer parameter experiments and the west airshaft strata subsidence with optical fiber Bragg grating corresponding relationship of simulation, the grating monitoring hole sealing is obtained with the best ratio of cement mortar, ground subsidence and the amount of fiber Bragg grating drift linear relationship; Concluded that the ratio of the hole sealing mortar mechanical parameters, and calculated the various sealing hole section of the fiber Bragg grating strain transfer rate, provide strong conditions for site construction and data analysis. Based on theoretical research, the successful completion of the west airshaft fiber Bragg grating monitoring stratum settlement system installation, and the monitoring data during the installation and the later is analyzed, the monitoring system of fiber Bragg grating by first grouting effect is obvious, the system stability after the part of the central wavelength down to the initial state. At the same time, monitoring system of fiber Bragg grating also has achieved monitoring the mine pumping, and the water injection test, relieves the unconsolidated formation dehydration subsidence status. Based on long-term monitoring data, preliminarily predicted the deformation of the west airshaft wall.