近几年，我国煤矿安全生产的形势有所好转，但是矿难经常发生，造成了很大的人员伤亡，给企业的带来巨大的损失，给社会造成不良影响。所以，有效地预防煤矿事故的发生是当前煤炭行业的重要任务。鉴于此，本文提出了以煤矿安全生产为目的的煤矿员工不安全行为影响因素及管控策略研究。 本文首先对国内外关于人的不安全行为研究分别从不安全行为的发生机理、影响因素和管控策略这三方面进行了综述；其次，对行为理论、行为模式、不安全行为发生机理等进行相关理论阐述；再次对马蹄沟煤矿事故中人的不安全行为进行了统计分析和特征研究，并对马蹄沟煤矿不安全行为影响因素进行了分析并建立了影响因素指标体系，该体系包括人员因素、机器因素、管理因素和环境因素4个二级指标和11个三级指标；然后，针对煤矿工人的不安全行为设计了调查问卷，运用SPSS分析软件，对问卷进行了统计性分析、信效度分析、因子分析。应用层次分析法对各因素赋予权重，得出影响员工不安全行为的四个因素相对重要程度由大到小依次为：管理因素、人员因素、机器因素、环境因素。最后，在此基础上提出马蹄沟煤矿不安全行为的相关对策建议，即：（1）行为风险预控管理；（2）预防和控制人的不安全行为；（3）改善井下作业环境；（4）强化机电设备管理；（5）企业实施物联网技术。这对煤矿消除安全隐患，提高安全生产管理水平有一定的参考价值。

Safety of coal mine production is improving, and the production situation is better than few years ago, but the accidents often occurred, caused great casualties, property losses and social influence. So it is very urgent to improve coal mine safety. In view of this, The study on unsafe behaviors’ influencing factors and control strategies of coalminers puts forward for the purpose of coal mine safety production. Firstly, the unsafe behavior study on people at home and abroad are unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism, factors and strategy to control the influence of the three aspects were summarized. Second, the theory of behavior, behavior patterns, unsafe behavior related theory in this paper, the mechanism and so on. Then the water chestnut ditch coal mine accidents in makes a statistic analysis on the unsafe behavior and characteristics of research, and factor of influence on water chestnut ditch coal mine unsafe behavior are analyzed and established the index system of influencing factors, the system including the human factor, machine factor, management factor and environment factor four secondary indexes and 11 third-order indicators. Then, in view of the unsafe behavior of the coal miners designed the questionnaire, using SPSS analysis software, the statistical analysis of the questionnaire, letter validity analysis, factor analysis. Application of analytic hierarchy process to give weight, various factors that affect employee four factors of unsafe behavior is relatively important degree of order from large to small is: management factor, human factor, machine factor, environmental factors. Finally, based on this, advances the horseshoe ditch coal mine of unsafe behavior related countermeasures and Suggestions : (1) the behavioral risk precontrol management; (2) improve the underground work environment; (3) strengthening the management of mechanical and electrical equipment; (4) the enterprise implementation of the Internet of things technology. This eliminate the potential safety hazard in coal mine, improve the level of safety production management has a certain reference value.