随着探地雷达技术的发展，探地雷达也逐渐向低成本、小型化、可重构的方向改进，例如在煤矿开采过程中用于灾害隐患预先探测。但是传统的探地雷达设备通常使用纯硬件的方式实现，往往存在体积大，探测灵活性差等问题。针对上述问题，论文设计了一种通用性强及开放性高的小型化探地雷达系统。

依据软件无线电雷达的实现机制，设计了一种基于调频连续波的软件无线电探地雷达系统。论文在系统需求分析的基础上进行了系统建模并分析其功能，其次根据对调频连续波信号的分析以及软件无线电探地雷达信号调制、解调算法的研究，设计了系统的整体结构。其中，硬件部分以Spartan 6 FPGA与AD9361芯片为基础，对系统的射频前端、基带处理单元、接口电路及时钟电路进行了设计；软件部分在GNU Radio中进行设计，其设计主要包括雷达信号的产生、传输与发射以及信号的接收，发射信号则采用的是分辨率高且抗干扰能力较强的调频连续波信号。该系统具有适用性广、结构开放、功能可重构的特点。

最后，搭建了探地雷达系统的测试环境，并对该系统进行了仿真与实验。通过对系统进行多组仿真测试结果表明，基于调频连续波的软件无线电探地雷达系统设计的方案是可行的，设计出的系统体积小，软件化程度高，采用发射功耗低的锯齿波探测波形，满足探测需求，并能对多个目标进行识别。

With the development of GPR technology, GPR has gradually improved to the direction of low cost, miniaturization and reconfigurable, such as in the process of coal mining for disaster detection in advance. However, the traditional GPR equipment is usually realized by pure hardware, which often has problems such as large volume and poor detection flexibility. Aiming at the above problems, this paper designs a small GPR system with strong versatility and high openness.

According to the implementation mechanism of software radio radar, a software radio ground penetrating radar system based on FM continuous wave is designed. Based on the analysis of the requirements of the system, the system is modeled and its functions are analyzed. Secondly, the overall structure of the system is designed according to the analysis of the FM continuous wave signal and the study of the modulation and demodulation algorithms of the software radio GPR signal. In the hardware part, based on Spartan 6 FPGA and AD9361 chip, the RF front end, baseband processing unit, interface circuit and clock circuit of the system are designed. The software part is designed in GNU Radio, which mainly includes the generation, transmission and transmission of radar signals as well as the reception of signals. The transmitted signals adopt FM continuous wave signals with high resolution and strong anti-jamming ability. The system has the characteristics of wide applicability, open structure and reconfigurable function.

Finally, the test environment of the GPR system is set up, and the simulation and experiment of the system are carried out. The results of multi-group simulation test on the system show that the software radio GPR system based on FM continuous wave is feasible, the designed system has small volume, high degree of software, and adopts the sawtooth wave detection with low transmission power consumption to meet the detection requirements, and can identify multiple targets.

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