本文以中国共产党百年奋斗史为基本视野，聚焦党的新闻宣传工作重要手段——典型报道的理论与实践发展过程，探索典型报道在党领导人民开展革命、建设、改革的不同时期，积极发挥舆论导向的客观规律与机制策略。典型报道是对具有普遍意义的突出事物的强化报道。舆论导向是指显性或隐性存在 于舆论中的引导方向。坚持正确舆论导向是典型报道的重要使命，典型报道是坚持正确 舆论导向的有力手段，典型报道的质量决定其舆论引导力。 新民主主义革命时期，为唤醒民众和服务战争，典型报道篇幅逐渐变长，内容也逐渐由“事”转“人”。社会主义革命和建设时期，典型报道既广树典型又积极营造舆论 氛围。这两个时期典型报道为后世留下了许多宝贵经验。十一届三中全会以后，面对典型报道的艰难处境和党的紧迫任务，典型报道实现了文本、密度、导向、内容和传染力 等质的转变。十三届四中全会以来，典型报道通过多阵地，多视角和后续报道增强了舆论引导效果。十六大以后，典型报道不断提高新闻价值，受众互动渠道也日趋多样。 中国特色社会主义进入新时代以来，典型报道以人民为中心，以“四弘扬一转化一 凝聚”为前进方向，在继承历史的基础上不断创新，兼顾当前与长远。“点”、“线”、 “面”得到统一，小人物和日常化得到重视。 展望未来，我们不仅要旗帜鲜明讲政治、克服各种麻痹思想、充分利用先进技术以 改进典型报道，还要运用典型报道提升国际传播力，并帮助世界各国学习借鉴我国的先进经验，更好助力构建人类命运共同体。

This paper focuses on the development process of the theory and practice of the typical report, which is an important means of the Party's news propaganda work, and explores the objective law and mechanism strategy of the typical report's active role in guiding public opinion in different periods when the Party leads the people to carry out revolution, construction and reform. Typical reports are intensified reports of prominent things with universal significance. The direction of public opinion refers to the dominant or recessive direction of guidance in public opinion. Adhering to the correct guidance of public opinion is an important mission of typical reports, which is a powerful means to adhere to the correct guidance of public opinion, and the quality of typical reports determines its guiding power of public opinion. During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, in order to awaken the people and serve the war, the length of typical reports gradually became longer, and the content gradually changed from "things" to "people". During the period of socialist revolution and construction, typical reports not only set up typical examples, but also actively create an atmosphere of public opinion. The typical reports of these two periods have left a lot of valuable experience for later generations. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, facing the difficult situation of typical reports and the urgent task of the Party, typical reports have achieved qualitative changes in text, density, orientation, content and infectivity. Since the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee, typical reports have enhanced the effect of public opinion guidance through multi-position, multi-perspective and follow-up reports. After the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the news value of typical reports has been continuously improved, and the channels of audience interaction have become increasingly diverse. Since socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, typical reports have taken the people as the center, taking "four promotions, one transformation and one cohesion" as the direction of progress, constantly innovating on the basis of inheriting history, taking into account both the current and the long-term. "Point", "line" and "surface" have been unified, and the little people and routine have been paid attention to. Looking forward to the future, we should not only stress politics with a clear banner, overcome all kinds of paralysis, make full use of advanced technology to improve typical reports, but also use typical reports to enhance international communication, and help countries around the world learn from China's advanced experience to better help build a community of human destiny.

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