底鼓是煤矿巷道变形的一种普遍现象。严重的巷道底鼓直接影响了巷道的 安全和煤矿的生产，给煤矿带巨大的经济损失。我国的巷道底鼓机理研究取得 了一定的成果，但是由于巷道所处的地质条件不同，巷道底鼓机理也不同，巷 道底鼓机理研究是煤矿开采的重要科技难题。针对此问题，本文以红石岩煤矿 12406 回风顺槽和12407 回风顺槽为背景，对巷道的底鼓机理进行了研究。进 行了现场采集岩石样本，在实验室对巷道的煤体，顶板岩石及底板岩石进行物 理力学性质试验。测定煤体，顶板岩石及底板岩石的矿物成分。应用MTS 实 验机分析煤体，顶板岩石及底板岩石的力学性质。通过建立力学模型，分析了 巷道底鼓机理，通过现场实测对底鼓机理进行验证，确定其准确性。并对提出 的卸压槽控制底鼓方法，同时对底鼓情况进行监测，对比分析卸压槽卸压及控 制底鼓效果。同时通过FLAC3D 软件，模拟了原支护条件下的巷道围岩的实际 变形情况，设计模拟了60 种开挖卸压槽方案，并对各个方案治理底鼓效果进 行了分析对比，及开挖卸压槽后对巷道底鼓控制的影响。 通过对模拟卸压槽，对卸压槽参数进行了优化分析，得出卸压槽开挖在原 底鼓量最大处比卸压槽开挖在巷道其他位置治理底鼓效果好；在上述条件下， 卸压槽深度一定时，在其他条件相同情况下，卸压槽宽度在一定范围变大，巷 道底鼓量在变小；卸压槽宽度一定，卸压槽深度在一定范围内变大，巷道底鼓 量在变小。最终确定了针对红石岩煤矿12407 回风顺槽在模拟条件下，治理底 鼓效果最好的卸压槽方案。

Kick drum is a universal phenomenon mine roadway deformation . Severe floor heave a direct impact on the production of coal mine safety and roadway , to mine with a huge economic losses. Mechanism of floor heave country has achieved some results, but due to different geological conditions in which the roadway , the floor heave mechanism is different, the end of the roadway drum is an important mechanism of coal mining technology challenges . To solve this problem , this paper Hongshiyan mine 12406 12407 return air and return air trough trough as the background on the roadway floor heave mechanism were studied . Rock samples were collected at the scene , in the laboratory on the roadway coal , roof and floor rock rock physical and mechanical properties of the test . Determination of mineral composition of coal , rock roof and floor rocks. Application analysis of mechanical properties testing machine MTS coal , roof and floor rock rocks . Through the establishment of the mechanical model to analyze the mechanism of floor heave , measured on the bottom of the drum through the field verification mechanism to determine its accuracy. And the proposed relief groove bottom drum control method , while the bottom of the drum to monitor the situation , comparative analysis and control of relief relief groove bottom drum effect. Meanwhile by FLAC3D software to simulate the actual deformation of roadway support under the original conditions designed to simulate the 60 kinds of relief groove excavation program , and program management at the end of each drum effects were analyzed and compared , and the excavation unloading after notching effect on the floor heave control . Through the simulation relief slots for relief groove parameters were optimized analysis, the relief groove in the original excavation at the bottom of the drum of the largest relief groove than other locations in the roadway excavation governance kick drum effect ; under the above conditions , relief groove depth is constant, the same as in other conditions , the relief groove width in a range larger, the amount of floor heave smaller ; relief groove width must , relief groove depth increases within a certain range , the amount of floor heave smaller . Finalized under simulated conditions , treatment works best kick drum groove relief programs for 12407 Hongshiyan mine return air slots.