针对榆神府矿区浅埋近距离煤层间隔式采空区下开采存在动载矿压问题。本文采用现场调研、相似模拟、理论分析、数值模拟和现场矿压监测等多种研究方法对浅埋近距离间隔式采空区上覆岩层空间结构的形成、演化、失稳机理及下煤层开采过程中层间岩层结构失稳特征进行了综合研究。为榆神府矿区浅埋近距煤层非充分采动条件下重复开采顶板动压防控提供了理论依据。论文主要研究内容及成果如下： （1）在煤岩物理力学实验的基础上分析揭示了间隔式开采采空区隔离煤柱和临时煤柱的应力分布特征，演化了隔离煤柱和临时煤柱在上覆岩层载荷作用下的塑性区发育规律，研究表明临时煤柱不能长期保持稳定，而隔离煤柱能够保持长期稳定。 （2）间隔式开采采空区形成初期，采空区上覆岩层形成了应力释放区，随着覆岩应力的重新分布，顶板岩层中裂隙逐渐向上发育扩展形成拱状裂隙损伤区。在间隔式采空区内，随着临时煤柱的突变失稳，采空区上方形成了更大范围的应力释放区及更大的拱状裂隙损伤区，并在采空区基本顶断裂失稳后形成“W型砌体梁”结构，上覆岩层与土层垮落后形成“梯形-半圆拱状”裂隙带。 （3）基于煤岩蠕变理论建立了间隔式采空区顶板结构失稳过程中“W型砌体梁+双拱桥”协同承载结构模型，得到了间隔式采空区内形成“W型砌体梁”结构以及隔离煤柱侧形成“双拱桥”结构的条件。分析了“双拱桥”结构应力分布特征，揭示了墩柱体在底板中应力传递规律，划分了近距离间隔式采空区下开采动压灾害防控区域。 （4）提出了近距离煤层群层间有效承载层的概念，分析了层间有效承载层结构在不同开采区域下的受力特征。建立了以“双拱桥结构-组合关键层-直接顶-支架”为系统的动载力学模型，揭示了层间有效承载层结构失稳与上煤层“双拱桥”结构失稳的联动作用是下煤层工作面开采发生动压的根本原因。 （5）在“W型砌体梁”结构下开采时，工作面矿压显现明显，呈现大小周期来压现象。在“双拱桥”结构下开采时，工作面矿压显现剧烈，发生动压时动载系数达1.83，顶板岩层瞬态台阶式切顶下沉量达0.69m。根据工作面过不同区域矿压的显现特征，以及工作面支护强度与顶板下沉量间的关系，确定了合理的支架阻力。 （6）针对下煤层工作面过间隔式采空区顶板“双拱桥”结构过程中易发生动载压架问题，提出了以释放上煤层采空区隔离煤柱顶板集中应力为主，加强工作面支护强度、加快推进速度为辅的综合防治方法，并在30103工作面进行了现场试验，成功预防了动压的发生，确保了工作面安全生产。

In order to address the dynamic load problems caused by extracting coal under an adjacent interval gob in Yulin-Shenmu-Fugu mining area, a comprehensive investigation is conducted on the the formation, evolution and instability mechanism of the spatial structure of the overlying strata of the shallow close distance seams interval gob and the instability characteristics of the middle strata structure during the mining of the lower coal seam through field survy, similar simulation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test. The outcome of this study provides a theoretical guidance for roof dynamic pressure prevention and control of repeated mining under shallow close distance insufficient mining conditions in Yulin-Shenmu-Fugu mining area. The main contents and results of this paper are presented as follows: (1) Based on the mechanical properties of coal and rocks derived from labrotory experiments, the characteristics of stress distribution of interval coal pillar and temporary coal pillar in interval gobs are analyzed, and the evolution law of plastic zone of interval coal pillar and temporary coal pillar under the load of overlying strata is studied. The research shows that the temporary coal pillar cannot maintain long-term stability, and the isolated coal pillar can maintain long-term stability. (2) In the early stage of the formation of interval gob, the overlying strata of the gob roof forms a stress release zone. With the redistribution of overburden stress, the fractures in the roof strata gradually expand upward to form a semi-circular arch fracture damage zone. In the interval gob, with the sudden instability of the temporary coal pillar, a larger range of stress release zone and a larger arch fracture damage zone are formed above the gob, and the “W-shaped voussoir beam” structure is formed after the failure and instability of the main roof of the gob, and the “trapezoidal-semicircular arch” fracture zone is formed after the collapse and backwardness of the overlying strata and soil layers. (3) Based on the creep theory of coal and rock, the collaborative bearing structure model of “W-shaped voussoir beam + double arch bridge” in the process of roof structure instability of interval gob is established. The conditions for the formation of “W-shaped voussoir beam” structure in interval gob and the formation of “double arch bridge” structure in interval coal column side are determined. This paper analyzed the stress distribution characteristics of “double arch bridge” structure, revealed the stress transfer law of pier column in the bottom plate, and divided the dynamic pressure disaster prevention and control area under an adjacent interval gob. (4) The concept of effective bearing layer between adjacent coal seams is put forward, and the loading characteristics of effective bearing layer structure in different mining areas are analyzed. The dynamic load mechanical model of “double arch bridge structure-combined key layer-immediate roof-support” is established. It is revealed that the linkage between the structural instability of interlayer effective bearing layer and the structural instability of “double arch bridge” in upper coal seam is the source of dynamic pressure during the extraction of lower coal seam. (5) When mining under the structure of “W-shaped voussoir beam”, the ground pressure of working face appears obviously, showing the phenomenon of large and small periodic weighting. When mining under “double arch bridge” structure, the ground pressure of working face appears violently, the dynamic load coefficient reaches 1.83 when dynamic pressure occurs, and the transient stepped roof cutting subsidence of roof strata reaches 0.69 m. According to the characteristics of strata pressure in different areas of working face and the relationship between the support strength of working face and the roof subsidence, the reasonable value of support resistance is determined. (6) In view of the problem that dynamic mine pressure is easy to occur in the process of advancing through the “double arch bridge” structure of the roof of the interval gob in the lower coal seam working face, a comprehensive prevention and control technology is proposed. It releases the stress of the roof overlying the interval coal pillar in the gob of the upper coal seam, strengthens the support strength of the working face and increases the advancing speed. The field test is carried out in the 30103 working face, which successfully prevents the occurrence of dynamic pressure and ensures the safe production of the working face.