行为安全事关煤矿安全生产，不安全行为是导致煤矿事故的主要原因，要减少煤矿事故就必须预防和控制人的不安全行为。当前，对煤矿工人不安全行为致因与干预的研究大多集中在正式组织层面，忽视了非正式组织对煤矿工人不安全行为的影响，从非正式组织角度分析煤矿工人不安全行为的研究较少且不够深入。因此，需基于非正式组织视角探讨煤矿工人不安全行为影响因素、形成机理和干预对策，为煤矿工人不安全行为管理提供多样化视角和管控途径。

        从煤矿工人非正式组织出发，以煤矿工人不安全行为为研究对象，综合运用问卷调查、结构方程模型、系统动力学等方法，开展非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为影响因素作用关系、行为形成机理的系统性研究，达到有效预防和控制煤矿工人不安全行为的目的。在分析煤矿工人不安全行为与非正式组织属性特征的基础上，结合人的因素分析与分类系统（Human Factors Analysis and Classification System，HFACS）、DEMATEL法辨识非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为影响因素，提出因素关联性假设，构建煤矿工人不安全行为形成机理的理论模型；识别煤矿工人群体中的非正式组织，通过问卷调查收集数据，检验理论模型与实际结果的适配度，明确煤矿工人不安全行为的形成路径；开展非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为干预仿真研究，分析不同影响因素对不安全行为的干预效果，从组织环境、社会网络关系两方面提出非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为的干预对策。

        研究表明煤矿工人群体中存在着不同规模的非正式组织，通过组织环境和社会网络关系两方面，直接或间接作用于煤矿工人不安全行为；由非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为形成机理模型可知，不安全行为形成有两条主路径，分别是组织影响→不安全监督→不安全行为前提条件→煤矿工人不安全行为、关联程度→依赖关系→煤矿工人不安全行为；非正式组织视角下不同影响因素对煤矿工人不安全行为的干预效果不同，抑制或促进煤矿工人不安全行为的产生，提出了不安全行为差异化干预对策。本研究在非正式组织视角下探讨煤矿工人不安全行为，一定程度上丰富了煤矿工人不安全行为致因与干预研究内容，有利于保障煤矿企业安全生产，为煤矿企业安全管理实践提供参考和依据。

       Behavioral safety is closely related to coal mine safety production. Unsafe behavior is the main cause of coal mine accidents. Coal mine accidents must be reduced by preventing and controlling unsafe human behavior. Currently, most of the research on the causes and interventions of coal miners' unsafe behavior is focused on the formal organizational level. The influence of informal organization on coal miners' unsafe behavior has been neglected, and the studies analyzing coal miners' unsafe behavior from the perspective of informal organization are few and not deep enough. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the influencing factors, formation mechanism and intervention countermeasures of coal miners' unsafe behavior based on the perspective of informal organization, in order to provide diverse perspectives and control ways for the management of coal miners' unsafe behavior.

      Taken the informal organization of coal miners as the starting point and the coal miners' unsafe behavior as the object of study. A combination of questionnaire survey, structural equation modeling, and system dynamics were used. From the perspective of informal organization, the influencing factors of coal miners' unsafe behavior and the formation mechanism of their behavior were systematically studied in order to effectively prevent and control coal miners' unsafe behavior. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of coal miners' unsafe behavior and the attributes of informal organization, the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System and the DEMATEL were combined to identify the influencing factors of coal miners' unsafe behavior from the perspective of informal organization. The hypotheses of factors correlation were proposed, and a theoretical model of the formation mechanism of coal miners' unsafe behavior was constructed. Informal organization in the coal miner community was identified, data was collected using a questionnaire, the fitness of the theoretical model to the actual results was examined and the formation paths of coal miners' unsafe behavior were clarified. From the perspective of informal organization, the intervention simulation of coal miners' unsafe behavior was conducted, and the intervention effects of different influencing factors on unsafe behavior were analyzed. From two aspects of organizational environment and social network relationship, this paper puts forward intervention countermeasures for coal miners' unsafe behavior from the perspective of informal organization.

       The results show that informal organization of different scales among coal miners. Influencing factors from both the organizational environment layer and the social network relationship layer act on coal miners' unsafe behavior, directly or indirectly influencing unsafe behavior. From the perspective of informal organization, the formation mechanism model of coal miners' unsafe behavior shows that there are mainly two paths for the formation of unsafe behaviors, one is organizational influence → unsafe supervision → unsafe behavior precondition → coal miners' unsafe behavior, and the other is the degree of association → dependence → coal miners' unsafe behavior. Different influencing factors from the informal organization perspective have different intervention effects on coal miners' unsafe behavior, inhibiting or promoting their unsafe behavior. Based on this, differentiated intervention strategies for unsafe behavior from the perspective of informal organizations are proposed. This study explores the coal miners' unsafe behavior from the perspective of informal organization, which to a certain extent enriches the research on the causes and interventions of coal miners' unsafe behavior, helps to ensure the safe production of coal mine enterprises, and provides a reference and basis for the safety management practice of coal mine enterprises.

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