随着国民经济的发展和基础建设的扩大，由于资源开采形成的地表下采空区日益增多，由于时间和复杂的地质条件，采空区的安全问题日趋突显，采空区的稳定性分析及处理技术得到了迅速的发展。根据不同工程目的的需要，本着经济合理的原则，选择相适应的治理方法。 本文以新疆庆华能源煤矿采空区勘察治理工程为工程背景，治理的目的为提高研究区在由地下开采转到露天开采时采空区的稳定性，根据采空区的特点性质，对采空区塌陷机理、采空区顶板的冒落机理进行了分析研究，对影响采空区的稳定性因素进行了讨论，利用厚跨比法、荷载传递线交汇法、普氏拱理论法、K.B.佩鲁涅伊特法、结构力学梁理论法对采空区顶板的安全厚度进行了对比分析计算，利用极限平衡法、地表移动变形预计法对采空区的稳定性进行了评价分析，利用FLAC3D软件对采空区的稳定性进行了模拟分析。根据治理目的是为了露天开采时尽量降低采空区对作业人员安全的危险，采取点柱式临时支撑注浆法来进行治理，并利用FLAC3D软件对治理后的采空区稳定性进行了模拟分析。

With the development of national economy and infrastructure construction, there are more and more goaf, which formation of underground mining. Due to the time and complex geological conditions, goaf safety problem is becoming more and more prominent, technology of stability analysis and treatment to the goaf has developed very quickly. According to different purpose of engineering, select the suitable treatment in line with the principle of economy and rationality. This paper is based on the engineering geological properties of the goaf in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Kingho coal mine, taking the survey and treatment project as the project background.The main purpose is enhance the stability of goaf when underground mining turns to surface mining. According to characteristics of goaf, the mechanism of collapse and caving of the goaf roof is analyzed, the factors which influencing on the stability of goaf are discussed, safety thickness of roof are analyzed and compared by different methods. Numerical simulation of the gob stability is analyzed by using FLAC3D software. Pillar of temporary support grouting method is the treatment to the goaf, and stability of gob after treatment are simulated and analyzed by using FLAC3D software.