为推动煤炭行业绿色转型，实现高效、安全开采，改善井下作业环境并保障工人职业健康，湿式除尘技术已在煤矿综掘面广泛应用。然而，现有湿式除尘器存在过滤元件堵塞、除尘效率偏低、设备体积大及一体化程度低等问题。针对上述不足，本文提出了一种结合喷雾降尘和旋流除尘机理的混流涡旋湿式除尘器，该除尘器创新性地采用混流叶轮结构，以提高设备的一体化程度和除尘效率。根据功能树法与逐项评价法确立了除尘器最优总体方案，详细设计了湿式除尘器的主要技术参数以及结构参数，模拟分析了除尘器参数变化对除尘效率的影响，以除尘器全尘除尘效率与呼尘除尘效率最高为目标建立优化模型，运用优化算法求解得到除尘器最佳综合优化方案，最终设计搭建除尘器除尘效果测试试验平台，对该除尘器的内部除尘效率及巷道降尘效果进行测试验证。具体研究内容如下：

（1）湿式除尘器总体方案设计。基于当前湿式除尘器研究现状，结合喷雾降尘及旋流除尘原理，提出混流涡旋湿式除尘器创新设计构想，根据综掘面巷道布局及湿式除尘器在巷道的除尘需求，采用功能树法建立除尘器总体方案的功能模型，利用形态学矩阵法求解除尘器总体方案并应用逐项分析法确立除尘器最优总体方案。

（2）湿式除尘器详细设计。基于总体方案设计，对除尘器的技术参数及结构参数进行详细设计，根据相关规程确定除尘器的风量、用水量、外形尺寸等技术参数。运用数值模拟方法对有无导流叶轮除尘器内部流场进行对比分析，确定混流叶轮及导流叶轮的详细参数并利用ANSYS进行结构安全性分析，基于喷嘴特性分析与DPM模型确定除尘器喷雾方式，对折流板除雾器单通道脱水结构进行设计与仿真分析，对比优选电控部件，最终建立除尘器虚拟样机。

（3）湿式除尘器除尘效率分析及优化。建立除尘器气-固-液耦合数值模拟模型，利用Fluent模拟研究除尘器喷雾及混流叶轮参数变化对全尘及呼尘除尘效率的影响，得出除尘器参数合理范围。基于响应面法中的Box-Behnken原则设计了喷雾参数与混流叶轮参数综合变化下的试验方案，以除尘器内部全尘除尘效率与呼尘除尘效率最高建立优化模型，基于NSGA-II算法求解得到除尘器综合优化最优参数方案，对比模拟试验值与优化模型预测值，验证了优化模型的准确性。

（4）湿式除尘器除尘效果测试验证。对除尘器最优结构的除尘效果进行虚拟现实仿真分析，基于相似原理建立除尘器相似模型，对模型机与原型机进行对比验证，设计搭建除尘器除尘效果测试试验平台，测试试验响应曲面法模拟实验方案，验证响应曲面优化模型的准确性，对湿式除尘器综合优化方案进行测试试验，验证最优结构参数除尘器的除尘效率与巷道降尘效果。

To promote green transformation in the coal mining industry, achieve efficient and safe extraction, enhance underground working conditions, and protect workers' occupational health, wet dust removal technology has been widely applied in fully mechanized excavation faces of coal mines. However, existing wet dust collectors face challenges such as clogging of filtration elements, relatively low dust removal efficiency, large equipment size, and low integration levels. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a mixed-flow vortex wet dust collector combining spray dust suppression and cyclone separation mechanisms. This innovative collector utilizes a mixed-flow impeller structure to enhance system integration and dust removal efficiency. An optimal overall solution was determined using function tree analysis and itemized evaluation methods, with detailed designs for both technical and structural parameters. Simulation analysis investigated the impact of parameter variations on dust removal efficiency. An optimization model was developed aiming to maximize both total and respirable dust removal efficiencies. Optimization algorithms were employed to identify the optimal comprehensive scheme. Ultimately, a testing platform was constructed to evaluate the internal dust removal efficiency and roadway dust suppression performance of the designed collector. The specific research contents are as follows:

(1) Overall design: Based on current research of wet dust collectors, and incorporating spray dust suppression and cyclone dust removal principles, an innovative design concept of a mixed-flow vortex wet dust collector was proposed. Considering the roadway layout of fully mechanized excavation faces and corresponding dust suppression requirements, the functional model of the overall design scheme was established through the function-tree method. Subsequently, a morphological matrix approach was employed to derive feasible overall schemes, and an optimal solution was determined using an item-by-item evaluation method.

(2) Detailed design: Technical parameters including airflow, water consumption, and dimensions were defined according to standards. Internal flow simulations compared collectors with and without guide impellers, specifying parameters for mixed-flow and guide impellers. Structural integrity was verified using ANSYS analysis. The spray method was selected through nozzle characteristic studies and Discrete Phase Model (DPM) analysis. A single-channel baffle-type mist eliminator was designed and simulated, electrical components were selected, and a virtual prototype was established.

(3) Efficiency analysis and optimization: A gas-solid-liquid coupling numerical model was established in Fluent, examining the effects of spray parameters and impeller configurations on total and respirable dust removal efficiency. The optimal parameter range was identified. Based on Box-Behnken response surface methodology, an optimization model targeting maximum efficiency was developed. NSGA-II algorithm was used to determine the optimal parameters, and results were validated through comparative analysis.

(4) Experimental validation: Virtual reality simulations evaluated the optimized collector's performance. A scaled model was constructed based on similarity principles to verify performance consistency with the prototype. An experimental platform was developed to validate the response surface optimization model and the optimized collector’s dust removal efficiency and roadway dust suppression effectiveness.

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