本文开发了一套无接触、遥控、高精度和性能可靠的激光隧道围岩位移远程实时监测系统，应用于长距离隧道施工过程中进行隧道围岩位移远程实时监测和数据分析。因为隧道的塌方等地质灾害严重威胁施工人员安全，影响工程质量，增加工程造价，给隧道结构长期稳定留下隐患，在隧道施工中进行监控量测是普遍采用的塌方预测方法。针对传统围岩位移量测方法存在的问题与不足，我们开发了此系统，有效地解决了上述问题。 本文介绍了系统的设计思路、硬件组成、工作原理和系统的现场安装原则和方法。本系统由一台监控主机（PC机）通过两个相距15千米的调制解调器和数据转发器以及基于RS－485串行数据总线的多台位移监测仪（前端机）和激光指向仪组成一个分布式远程监测网络。PC机可以设定前端机的各种参数，有选择地呼叫前端机进行数据的实时采集，位移监测仪可以实时监测和记录多路数据，并通过RS－485总线将数据汇集到数据转发器，再通过调制解调器在普通电话线上将数据传入监控主机；监控主机进行数据的分析处理、变化曲线的绘制、数据库管理和查询分析、图表显示和报表的打印输出；还可按照用户的具体要求作进一步的数据分析处理。该系统在浙江隧道的施工现场进行了应用试验，运行状况良好，性能满足现场的监测需求。 本系统在需要进行实时监控和自动采集大量数据的场合是非常实用的，适应于环境恶劣的多种隧道场合，如经过防爆改进后可用于矿井中的隧道监测。 通过调整配制，该系统还可用于岩土边坡、基坑、大坝、建筑物及桥梁等的位移监测。

Geological disasters of the tunnels such as collapse greatly threaten to workers’ safety，affect the quality of the construction and increase the cost, leaving the tunnel’s long-term stability being unavailable, the proceeding of monitoring and measurement when the tunnel under construction is a widespread adoptable method of collapse estimate. Aiming at the existing traditional method’s disadvantages of the measurement of the displacement of the tunnel’s wall rock, we developed a high accuracy, reliable system of tunnel displacement remote real time auto-monitoring with laser, which doesn’t affect to the construction. This paper introduces the thinking way of the design, hardware of this system, work process and the installing principle and method in the working tunnel. The remote distributed network system is made up of a piece of PC ,two modems (15km away),a data transferring instrument, many displacement monitoring instrument (front-end apparatus by RS-485 serial BUS) and laser emitters. Intelligent data gathering instrument can supervise and recorder real time multi-channel data. The PC may select and call front-end apparatus’ real-time data and recorder data, set all kinds of parameter,assembling data to data transfer instrument by RS-485 serial BUS,and the latter transfer the data to the PC. It also can process the received data, simulate animation, draw curve, compare and analyze data, manage the database ,display diagram and print them out. At the same time, it also can process the data farther to meet the users’ detail demands. Finally it introduces the result that the system being put into experiment in Zhejiang province. Things turned out to be very nice and all the requests has been met. As we can see that the system is very useful in the filed which need monitoring and collecting a large amount of data automatically which distributed in different places.Even it can be extended to other domain’s tunnels, even in application to mine tunnels after anti-blast amelioration. After improvement, the system can also be put to use in the sites of monitoring the displacement of slopes of dams, holes in the bases, buildings and bridges.