随着GPS技术应用的日益广泛，各种用途的连续运行参考站（CORS）相继建成，以永久性的监测网（站）系统以及各类广域差分系统为代表的GPS参考站已逐步在广阔的大陆上覆盖成区域甚至全球性的网络。伴随着互联网的高速发展，区域和世界范围内的信息和数据交流已变的相当容易，由此出现了由多基站构成网络的GPS服务体系成为GPS技术发展的最新趋势。其中虚拟参考站（VRS）技术由于覆盖范围广、定位精度高、可靠性高等优点成为目前最流行的一种网络RTK技术。它主要利用网络内基准站原始观测数据，在流动站附近实时模拟一组参考站数据（包括参考站坐标和GPS载波相位观测值），实现对“参考站数据的模拟和重建”，实时提供高精度导航定位信息。 本文就是针对这种虚拟参考站（VRS）技术展开研究的，首先从GPS定位技术的发展，网络RTK技术的分类以及国内外的一些研究现状阐述了进行VRS技术研究的必要性。其次叙述了VRS系统的组成、原理及其工作流程，在此基础上分析了VRS定位的数学模型和系统中的一些关键技术。接着对影响VRS定位的主要系统误差（如卫星星历误差、时钟误差、电离层和对流层延迟以及多路径效应等误差）进行了分别阐述。然后对VRS中比较关键的内插方法、改正数生成算法进行了全面的推导、分析。最后通过具体的实验对VRS系统的定位精度进行了测试，测试点的VRS定位精度分布均匀，一般不会出现较大的偏差，可靠性较高。

With the application of GPS technology becomes more extensive,a variety of uses Continuous operation Reference Station (CORS) have been completed. To a permanent monitoring network (stations) systems, as well as various types of wide area differential GPS system, as represented by the reference station has been gradually on the broad coverage of the continent into a regional or even global network.Along with the rapid development of the Internet, regional and worldwide exchange of information and data has become Very easy, This emerged from many of the GPS base stations constitutes a network service system GPS technology has become the latest trend. because of wide coverage, high positioning accuracy, high reliability, The Virtual Reference Station (VRS) technology become one of the most popular network RTK technology, It is mainly use the station original observation data base on network,Then it would simulate a group of reference station data(including the reference station GPS coordinates and carrier phase observations) in real-time at the vicinity of mobile station. Implementation of the “reconstruction and simulation of the reference station data”, and providing high-precision navigation and positioning information in real-time. This article is to study such Virtual Reference Station (VRS) technology. First of all, It Carried out the needs for VRS Technology from the development of GPS positioning technology,the Categories of the network RTK technology as well as the classification of the studying status at home and abroad. Second the paper describes the component of VRS system and its working principle, on this basis,an analysis of VRS positioning system of mathematical models and some of the key technologies were given out. Then the impact of VRS positioning of the main systematic errors (such as satellite ephemeris errors, clock errors, ionospheric and tropospheric delay effects, as well as multi-path error) were set out separately. Fouth,the paper deducted the interpolation methods and getting correction methods of VRS technology.Finally tested the positioning accuracy of VRS from a specific experiment,The positioning accuracy of test point were distribution, there’s no large error and it has high reliability in common.