我国配电网多采用小电流接地运行方式，这有助于提高供电可靠性；但发生单相接地故障时，故障电流信号微弱且难以检测，若未能对故障准确定位，可能进一步引发相间短路故障，使线路跳闸，造成供电中断。目前，小电流接地故障选线技术在电网应用已基本成熟，而单相接地故障区段定位的难题一直没有很好的解决方式。本文提出了基于D-S证据理论融合的故障区段定位的方法，为解决单相接地故障区段定位问题奠定了基础。

基于小电流接地系统单相接地故障等效模型，研究了故障点同侧和异侧暂态零序电流波形特征，特征表明：故障点同侧暂态零序电流波形差异较小，故障点异侧暂态零序电流波形存在显著差异。分别对信号互距离度的区段定位方法和相关系数的区段定位方法进行了分析，分析表明：信号互距离度能够度量暂态零序电流波形之间的差异性，相关系数能够度量暂态零序电流波形之间的相似性，两种方法对零序电流分析具有互补性，融合识别可以有效提高区段定位的准确性。

提出了基于D-S证据理论的区段定位方法。首先提取故障发生后各监测点FTU采集到的1/4周期零序电流，计算出信号互距离度和相关系数的定位测度；其次，构造概率分配函数，将两种方法的概率分配函数进行正交和；最后，将分支节点处基本概率数小的判定为故障路径，在确定故障路径的基础上，将相邻监测点之间基本概率数最大的向量判定为故障区段，从而实现基于D-S证据理论融合的故障区段定位。

为了验证本论文提出的基于D-S证据理论的故障区段定位方法的可靠性，通过MATLAB搭建10kV配网仿真模型，在不同故障条件下进行了仿真验证；并通过实验室380V煤矿低压系统模拟实验平台，对区段定位方法进行了实验验证。通过大量的仿真和实验均证实了该故障区段定位方法的有效性和适用性。

         China's distribution network mostly adopts the low-current grounding operation mode, which helps to improve the reliability of power supply. However, when a single-phase ground fault occurs, the fault current signal is weak and difficult to detect. If the fault is not accurately located, it may further cause phase-to-phase short circuits. A fault trips the line and interrupts power supply. At present, the line selection technology for small current grounding faults has been basically mature, and the problem of fault location has not been well solved. In this paper, a method of using D-S evidence theory to solve the problem of locating the fault section is proposed based on the fusion idea, which lays the foundation for solving the problem of single-phase ground fault section locating.

Based on small current grounding system single-phase grounding fault equivalence model, research completed, fault point same side-to-side side zero zero-order current waveform special expedition, special announcement: fault point same side-to-side zero-order current waveform difference small, fault point Difference between zero and zero current waveforms. Discriminant signals Signal distance relative position localization method Sum phase relation Numerical position localization method Progress analysis, analysis assertion: Signal mutual distance performance efficiency measurement zero order current waveform difference difference, correlation coefficient performance capability measurement status. Zero-order current waveform similarity, two types of method, zero-order current analyzer, mutuality, fusion identification, high-section stereotacticity.

Submission of the D-S verification method. Each point after the occurrence of a fault at the head of the fault FTU gathering 1/4 period zero order current, calculated signal mutual distance sum correlation correlation numerical localization measure; second, structure approximate distribution function, general method approximate distribution function progression correction Comprehension; after that, the basic approximate ratio number basic judgment of small number of faults, the existence of a fixed fault road, the basic rough ratio number Locating the fusion theory Fault zone stage.

          In order to verify the reliability of the fault section location method based on d-s evidence theory proposed in this paper, the 10kV distribution network simulation model was built by MATLAB, and the simulation verification was carried out under different fault conditions.The section location method is verified by the simulation experiment platform of the low pressure system of 380V coal mine in the laboratory.The effectiveness and applicability of the fault location method are proved by a lot of simulation and experiments.