随着计算机技术、通讯技术及控制技术的发展，现场总线技术随之产生。现场总线技术的产生，推动了测控领域的网络化进程，也带动了仪器仪表的网络化发展。CAN总线作为现场总线中的一种，有着实时性高、可靠性高等优点，在工业领域、医疗器械等多个领域有着广泛的应用。 针对测控领域的网络化发展趋势，本文设计了基于CAN总线通讯技术的智能检测系统。本文以CAN总线作为通信总线，并选用了高速、高集成度的C8051F040单片机设计了以数据采集为核心的CAN总线检测系统。 整个智能检测系统由上位机（PC）、CAN-232节点和数据采集节点组成。 通过对CAN协议的分析，本文设计实现了C8051F040芯片的CAN总线接口函数。并在此基础上设计完成了CAN-232节点，实现了数据采集节点的CAN总线与上位机之间的数据交换。 针对本系统的需要，本文设计实现了电压电流的采集、转速的采集、CAN总线的隔离、键盘与显示等电路。 在KEIL C51的环境下，采用模块化方法，设计完成了各个模块：电压电流采集模块、转速测量模块、CAN总线通讯模块、LCD显示模块、键盘扫描模块等各模块的设计工作。通过对主程序的仔细分析与设计，实现了各个任务的合理调度，达到了系统的设计要求。 通过对仪表进行全面的抗干扰分析与设计、系统自动校准设计、总线式数字通讯等方法，使本文设计的检测系统中的模块具有较高的智能化。并通过对通讯方案的详细分析与设计，提高了通讯的可靠性。 通过在PC机上的Visual C++的编程，本文在PC机上实现了对数据采集节点的数据记录、数据监控、报警等功能。

With the development of computer technology, communication technology and control technology, field bus technology appeared. Field bus technology promotes the development of the instrument , measurement and control system. CAN bus as a field bus, has a lot of advantage such as real-time, high reliability, as well has a lot of applications in the field of industry, medical equipment, and others. For the development of the filed bus, this paper use the CAN bus as the communication bus, select the C8051F040 which has the ability of high speed, high integrity, designed the data acquisition system based on CAN bus. The intelligent data acquisition system consists of PC, CAN-232 node and the data acquisition nodes. By analyzing the protocol of CAN bus ,this paper designed and realized the CAN bus interface function based on C8051F040, then finished the design of the CAN-232 node, fulfilled the data exchange between the data acquisition nodes based on CAN bus and PC. According to the need of this system, this paper designed the circuit of current, voltage and speed acquisition, keyboard and display circuit as well as the circuit of isolation of CAN bus. In the environment of KEIL C51, using the modular design approach, this paper completed all modules, such as voltage and current acquisition module, CAN bus communication module, speed measurement module, LCD module, and keyboard scanning module. Through the arrangement of all the tasks, this paper achieved the requirement of this system. Through the analysis and design of anti-jamming, self-adjustment and the digital communication, the nodes in this system have high intelligence. The application of CAN bus in this system improved the reliability of communication. By modulating the program of this system based on the environment of Visual C++, this paper achieved the function of data recording, data monitoring and alarm.