摘 要 改革开放过程中，我国经济呈现不断增长趋势，人民生活质量得到极大改善，消费水平不断提升，在此基础上，我国零售业快速发展，整个行业经营效益稳步增长。新零售背景下，我国零售企业面临来自国内外的挑战，如何实现我国零售业经营绩效水平的有效提升，是值得深入探究的重要问题。本文通过梳理相关文献资料，并对我国零售企业绩效及其影响因素进行研究，为提高我国零售企业绩效水平提供了相关对策建议。 论文首先对我国零售业的现状以及趋势进行了分析，在此基础上，根据我国零售业的特点和主要研究成果，以企业盈利、偿债、营运、成长四个能力为主，筛选出与之相关的十项指标，并构建成指标体系，对投影寻踪分析法（Projection Pursuit）在公司经营绩效评价的应用进行理论推导；其次，从我国沪深两市中筛选了73家上市零售企业，采取实数编码加速遗传法解决了寻找最佳投影方向的问题，实现了经营绩效的有效排序；再次，按照我国经济发展情况分三个不同阶段：经济高速增长期（2010）、经济下行期（2014）和新常态下的新零售期（2017），对我国零售业上市公司经营绩效进行对比，并对不同业态零售企业的经营绩效进行了全面分析，指出了影响零售业上市公司经营绩效的主要因素，利用Tobit模型对经营绩效影响因素进行评估，主要研究结论为：其一，股权制衡度对经营绩效的影响不显著；其二，经营绩效与资产负债率之间呈负相关关系；其三，经营绩效与总资产、流动资产周转率、净资产收益率之间呈正相关关系。论文最后基于以上分析和研究结果，提出了从创新公司经营模式、构建合理股权制衡机制、优化企业投资结构等方面提升我国零售业上市公司的经营绩效水平的对策建议。

ABSTRACT In the process of reform and opening up, China's economy shows a growing trend, the quality of people's lives has been greatly improved, and the level of consumption has been constantly improved. On this basis, China's retail industry has developed rapidly, and the operating efficiency of the whole industry has increased steadily. Under the new retail background, Chinese retail enterprises are facing challenges from home and abroad. How to effectively improve the performance level of Chinese retail business is an important issue worthy of in-depth exploration. This paper combs the relevant literature, and studies the performance of Chinese retail enterprises and its influencing factors, providing relevant countermeasures and suggestions to improve the performance level of Chinese retail enterprises. Firstly, the paper analyses the current situation and trend of retail industry in China. On this basis, according to the characteristics and main research results of retail industry in China, the paper screens out ten relevant indicators, and constructs an index system to evaluate the operating performance of the company by Projection Pursuit Analysis (Projection Pursuit) based on the four capabilities of enterprise profitability, debt servicing, operation and growth. Secondly, 73 listed retail enterprises were selected from Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets, and the real coding accelerated genetic method was adopted to solve the problem of finding the best projection direction and achieve an effective ranking of business performance. Thirdly, according to the economic development of China, there are three different stages: high-speed economic growth period (2010), economic downturn period (2014) and new normal conditions. The new retail period (2017) compares the operating performance of Listed Retail Companies in China, and makes a comprehensive analysis of the operating performance of different retail enterprises, points out the main factors affecting the operating performance of Listed Retail companies, and evaluates the influencing factors of operating performance by using the Tobit model. The main conclusions are as follows: First, the impact of equity balance on operating performance Second, there is a negative correlation between business performance and asset-liability ratio; third, there is a positive correlation between business performance and total assets, turnover rate of current assets and return on net assets. Finally, based on the above analysis and research results, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the performance level of Listed Retail Companies in China from the aspects of innovating the company's business model, building a reasonable equity checks and balances mechanism, and optimizing the investment structure of enterprises.