现有表面强化方法主要有涂层技术、熔覆技术及机械强化技术。但这些技术在不同程度上存在材料损耗大，高耗能、工艺流程复杂及强化效果不稳定等缺点，且产品表面强化质量及使用场景均需要进一步提升。金属材料在进入塑性阶段时其力学性能发生变化，在此阶段加入滚压技术可以提高金属表层组织塑性流动，加入超声振动使组织层塑性流动更加均匀并提高金属表面强化质量。目前超声振动技术普遍应用在金属塑性成型技术当中，例如滚压、拉伸、锻造及扩管，超声振动的加入有效提升了表面成形效果及质量，是金属塑性加工中研究热点。因此，本研究提出超声滚压表面强化技术，以航空、航天飞机蒙皮等广泛应用的2024铝合金为研究对象，基于实验结合有限元仿真及数学模型，研究2024铝合金板超声滚压过程中超声滚压强化机理及工艺参数对性能的影响。

本研究基于万能拉伸试验机设计制造搭建了超声滚压实验平台，研究了不同超声功率及滚压压力对2024铝合金表层性能影响，揭示了各个组织层在超声滚压过程中演化规律。研究结果表明超声功率及滚压压力对显微硬度及粗糙度有明显的影响，多次滚压显微硬度高于单次滚压显微硬度，但多次滚压粗糙度高于单次滚压粗糙度。

本研究利用万能拉伸试验机进行了超声振动力学性能实验，研究了应变率为0.001mm/s时不同超声功率下超声振动对2024铝合金力学性能影响。建立了基于Johnson-Cook(JC)模型材料本构模型，并利用有限元仿真建立超声滚压过程模型，研究了压应力、米塞斯应力、滚压深度及回弹与超声功率之间的关系，超声功率能有效降低实验过程中压应力及米塞斯应力，增加滚压深度，超声功率及压应力不影响回弹。

本研究基于弹塑性理论分析超声滚压过程中力学变化规律，提出并建立了超声滚压数学模型，该数学模型引入超声振动，以数学理论形式分析超声滚压过程中压应力、米塞斯应力、滚压深度及回弹与超声功率之间的关系。该数学模型理论分析结果与有限元仿真结果与实验结果趋势相同，均处于误差允许范围内。

因此，本研究为2024铝合金表面强化技术提供一种新的超声滚压工艺参数，研究了超声滚压过程中表层组织演化机理及表面性能变化，并建立了超声滚压过程数学模型及有限元仿真。

The existing surface strengthening methods mainly include coating technology, cladding technology and mechanical strengthening technology. however, these technologies have the disadvantages of large material loss, high energy consumption, complex process flow and uneven strengthening effect to some extent, moreover, the product surface strengthening quality and use scenarios need to be further improved. The mechanical properties of metallic materials change when they enter the plastic stage, adding rolling technology at this stage can improve the plastic flow of the metal surface structure. addition ultrasonic vibration makes the plastic flow of the structure layer more uniform and improves the quality of metal surface reinforcement. At present, ultrasonic vibration technology is widely used in metal plastic forming technology. examples include rolling, stretching, forging and pipe enlargement, the addition of ultrasonic vibration effectively improves the surface forming effect and quality, is a hot research topic in metal plastic processing. In this study, ultrasonic rolling surface strengthening technology is proposed, 2024 aluminum alloy which is widely used in aerospace industry and space shuttle skin is taken as the research object, based on experiments combined with finite element simulation and mathematical model, Study ultrasonic rolling reinforcement Mechanism of 2024 aluminum alloy plate during ultrasonic rolling and the effect of process parameters on performance. This research builds an ultrasonic rolling test platform based on the design and manufacture of universal tensile testing machine, the effects of different ultrasonic power and compressive stress on the surface properties of 2024 aluminum alloy were studied, the evolution law of each tissue layer during ultrasonic rolling was revealed. The results show that ultrasonic power and compressive stress have obvious effects on microhardness and roughness, the microhardness of multiple rolling is higher than that of single rolling, but the roughness of multiple rolling is higher than that of single rolling.

       In this study, the ultrasonic vibration mechanical properties were tested using a universal tensile testing machine, the effect of ultrasonic vibration on mechanical properties of 2024 aluminum alloy under different ultrasonic power at strain rate of 0.001 mm/s was studied. The material constitutive model based on Johnson-Cook (JC) model is established, and the model of ultrasonic rolling process is established by finite element simulation, the relationship between compressive stress, Mises stress, rolling depth, rebound and ultrasonic power is studied, ultrasonic power can effectively reduce the medium-pressure stress and Mises stress in the test process, increase the rolling depth, and the ultrasonic power and compressive stress do not affect the rebound Based on the elastic-plastic theory, this study analyzes the mechanical changes in the process of ultrasonic rolling, and proposes and establishes a mathematical model of ultrasonic rolling, this mathematical model introduces ultrasonic vibration, and analyzes the relationship between medium pressure stress, Mises stress, rolling depth, rebound and ultrasonic power in the form of mathematical theory. The theoretical analysis results of the mathematical model and the finite element simulation results have the same trend as the test results, and both are within the allowable range of error.

       Therefore, this study provides a new process parameter for 2024 aluminum alloy surface strengthening technology, the structure evolution mechanism and surface property change of the bell surface during ultrasonic rolling process were studied. and provides finite element simulation and mathematical model for ultrasonic rolling technology.

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