煤层开采顶板水害是陕西彬长矿区各矿井安全生产的主要威胁之一，而导水裂隙带的发育高度对于顶板水害防治具有决定性影响。针对彬长矿区综放开采导水裂隙带发育特征不清的实际，本文以彬长矿区文家坡煤矿41盘区为研究区，以4105综放工作面为研究对象，开展煤层不同采高条件下覆岩破坏和导水裂隙带发育特征研究，对综放工作面导水裂隙带高度预计具有重要的理论与实际意义。

利用现有地质资料总结了研究区覆岩空间组合关系，分别为黄土覆盖类和基岩出露2大类。在此基础上，运用关键层理论对4105工作面覆岩地层结构进行判别，判定4煤上覆岩层有5个亚关键层，一个主关键层。

通过矿压监测分析了4105工作面周期来压规律，直接顶初次来压步距23.70m，基本顶初次来压步距52.05m，基本顶周期来压平均步距29.34m。上位关键层的破断导致下位亚关键层的提前破断致使矿压呈现出显著的大小周期来压，平均小的来压连续显现两次出现一次大的来压显现，大周期来压步距约50m，小周期来压步距约20m。

通过数值模拟、理论预计方法研究了4煤在7.5、8.5、9.5、10m采高条件下导水裂隙带高度发育规律。根据数值模拟结果，随着数值模拟工作面推进，不同采高条件下的导水裂隙带高度总体上随着推采进度呈阶梯式发育。综合分析数值模拟与理论预计方法结果，4煤开采导水裂隙带发育高度在覆岩关键层控制作用下，导水裂隙的发育高度随采高变化呈现阶梯式发育，阶梯落差与关键层厚度呈正相关关系。通过“两带”钻孔探查结果对该研究结果进行了验证。

根据导水裂隙带阶梯式发育规律对4105工作面走向剖面上导水裂隙带高度变化进行了分析。采用传统裂采比方法和本文导水裂隙带阶梯式发育方法对文家坡41盘区4煤开采导水裂隙带发育高度进行了预计，并对导通洛河组主要充水含水层的危险性进行了分区。通过洛河组含水层水位变化情况对两种危险性分区结果进行了验证，结果表明导水裂隙带阶梯式发育危险性分区更符合实际，在区域内关键层结构不改变导水裂隙带发育高度情况下，可通过导水裂隙带阶梯发育式危险性分区来合理增加煤层开采高度从而提高煤炭回采率。

Roof water hazard in coal seam mining is one of the main threats to the safety production of all mines in Binchang mining area, Shaanxi Province, and the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone has a decisive impact on the prevention and control of roof water hazard. In view of the fact that the development characteristics of the water-conducting fracture zone in the fully mechanized caving mining in the Binchang mining area are unclear, this paper takes the 41 panel area of the Wenjiapo coal mine in the Binchang mining area as the research area, and the 4105 fully mechanized caving face as the research object to carry out different mining height conditions of the coal seam. The research on the failure of the underlying rock and the development characteristics of the water-conducting fracture zone has important theoretical and practical significance for predicting the height of the water-conducting fracture zone in the fully mechanized caving face.

Based on the existing geological data, the spatial assemblage relationship of the overlying rocks in the study area is summarized, which are divided into two categories: loess overburden and bedrock outcropping. On this basis, the overburden strata structure of the 4105 working face is judged by using the key layer theory, and it is determined that there are 5 sub-key layers and one main key layer in the overlying strata of the 4th coal.

Through the mine pressure monitoring and analysis, the periodic pressure law of 4105 working face is analyzed. The initial pressure step distance of the direct top is 23.70m, the basic top pressure first time pressure step distance is 52.05m, and the basic top cycle time pressure average step distance is 29.34m. The rupture of the upper key layer leads to the early rupture of the lower sub-key layer, which causes the mineral pressure to show significant periodic pressure. The average small pressure appears twice in a row, and a large pressure appears once. The large cycle pressure step is about 50m. , the small cycle to press the step distance is about 20m.

Through numerical simulation and theoretical prediction method, the development law of water-conducting fractured zone height was studied under the conditions of mining heights of 7.5, 8.5, 9.5 and 10 m for 4 coals. According to the numerical simulation results, with the advancement of the numerical simulation working face, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone under different mining heights generally develops in a step-like manner with the progress of the mining. Comprehensive analysis of the results of numerical simulation and theoretical prediction methods, 4. The development height of the water-conducting fracture zone in coal mining is controlled by the key layer of the overlying rock. relationship. The research results are verified by the "two-zone" drilling exploration results.

According to the stepped development law of the water-conducting fracture zone, the height variation of the water-conducting fracture zone on the strike section of the 4105 working face is analyzed. Using the traditional fracture-mining ratio method and the stepped development method of the water-conducting fractured zone in this paper, the development height of the water-conducting fractured zone in Wenjiapo 41 Panel 4 coal mining is predicted, and whether it leads to the main water-filled aquifers of the Luohe Formation is predicted. Hazards are zoned. The results of the two types of risk zoning are verified by the change of the water level of the Luohe Formation aquifer. The results show that the stepped development of the water-conducting fractured zone is more realistic, and the structure of the key layers in the region does not change the development height of the water-conducting fractured zone. Under the circumstance, the mining height of the coal seam can be reasonably increased through the step-by-step development of the water-conducting fracture zone, so as to improve the coal recovery rate.

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