随着高速率和多业务宽带通信技术的发展，窄带通信技术已经不能满足目前的应急通信需求，现阶段应急通信网络希望在保障关键语音的同时拥抱更多的宽带业务。当发生重大自然灾害时，原有的通信网络可能已经瘫痪无法为救护人员提供通信服务，在救灾现场迅速搭建好一套稳定健壮的应急通信网络，将有助于提高救援效率，减少人员伤亡和经济损失。因此，开发一种便携式的宽窄融合应急通信系统具有重要的意义。

       针对山地林区发生自然或人因灾害时，现场环境复杂，公共通信网络受损或无法覆盖问题，设计了一种便携式宽窄融合应急通信系统。该系统采用“LTE+DMR”的融合方案，将不同制式、不同网络的通信系统连成一张网，实现了不同制式终端设备之间的互联互通和统一管理调度。便携式宽窄融合应急通信系统由宽带集群通信系统、窄带数字通信系统、宽窄融合一体机和便携式应急电源组成。宽带集群通信系统采用B-TrunC技术，由便携式LTE专网基站实现灾难现场的宽带信号覆盖，无线Mesh网络实现灾难现场到前方指挥部之间1km的宽带信号回传，主要为救护队员提供高速的数据业务；窄带数字通信系统采用DMR技术，由DMR基站实现前方指挥部和灾难现场的窄带信号覆盖，主要为救护队员提供基础语音及低速率的数据业务；宽窄融合一体机部署在前线指挥部主要实现宽带集群通信系统和窄带数字通信系统的融合互通，采用互通网关融合互通方案，由互通网关完成两个异构通信系统之间信令、媒体消息以及号码格式的转换。便携式宽窄融合应急通信系统的控制面和媒体面分别由SIP协议和RTP协议承载；系统的供电采用电池容量为2000Wh的便携式应急电源，可为系统提供不小于4h的电能供应。

       系统测试结果表明，便携式宽窄融合应急通信系统在山地林区环境下的通信半径大于2km，供电时间大于4h，宽带传输主干网的通信带宽为26Mbps、丢包率小于0.1%、通信时延小于5ms。系统的各项功能指标合格，音视频清晰流畅。基本满足山地林区环境下应急通信系统便携、融合、可快速部署的需求，具有一定的实用价值。

      With the development of high-speed and multi-service broadband communication technology, narrowband communication technology can no longer meet the current emergency communication needs. At this stage, emergency communication networks hope to embrace more broadband services while ensuring critical voice. When a major natural disaster occurs, the original communication network may be paralyzed and unable to provide communication services for rescue personnel. A stable and robust emergency communication network can be quickly built at the disaster relief site, which will help improve rescue efficiency and reduce casualties. Economic losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a portable broadband and narrow emergency communication system.

       Aiming at the problem of natural or human-caused disasters in mountainous forest areas, the on-site environment is complicated, and the public communication network is damaged or cannot be covered, a portable broadband and narrow integrated emergency communication system is designed. The system adopts the "LTE+DMR" integration scheme, which connects communication systems of different standards and different networks into a network, and realizes the interconnection and intercommunication and unified management and scheduling of terminal equipment of different standards. The portable broadband and narrow convergence emergency communication system consists of a broadband trunking communication system, a narrowband digital communication system, a broadband and narrow convergence integrated machine and a portable emergency power supply. The broadband trunking communication system adopts B-TrunC technology. The portable LTE private network base station realizes broadband signal coverage at the disaster site, and the wireless Mesh network realizes the 1km broadband signal backhaul from the disaster site to the forward command. It mainly provides high-speed Data service: The narrowband digital communication system adopts DMR technology. The DMR base station realizes the narrowband signal coverage of the front command and the disaster site, and mainly provides basic voice and low-rate data services for the rescue team; the broadband and narrow integrated machine is deployed in the front command. To achieve the integration and intercommunication of the broadband trunking communication system and the narrowband digital communication system, the intercommunication gateway integration and intercommunication scheme is adopted, and the intercommunication gateway completes the conversion of signaling, media message and number format between the two heterogeneous communication systems. The control plane and media plane of the portable broadband and narrow emergency communication system are carried by SIP and RTP protocols respectively; the power supply of the system adopts a portable emergency power supply with a battery capacity of 2000Wh, which can provide the system with a power supply of no less than 4h.

      The system test results show that the communication radius of the portable broadband and narrow emergency communication system in the mountain forest environment is greater than 2km, the power supply time is greater than 4h, the communication bandwidth of the broadband transmission backbone network is 26Mbps, the packet loss rate is less than 0.1%, and the communication delay is less than 5ms. . The system's various functional indicators are qualified, and the audio and video are clear and smooth. It basically meets the needs of portable, integrated, and rapid deployment of emergency communication systems in mountain forest environments, and has certain practical value.

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