随着矿山开采深度的不断增加，高温热害问题愈发凸显，成为制约安全生产的重要难题。载/蓄冷功能性充填降温是一种创新的矿井降温方法，它是以传统充填材料为基础，用一定比例的冰粒替代传统料浆中的水，制成具有载/蓄冷属性的复合相变充填材料。这种充填材料通过充填输运系统进入井下充填区，以充填区和采场间的隔板为冷辐射面向邻近采场供冷，从而达到降温效果。本文综合运用理论分析、数值模拟和实验研究的方法，深入探究在采场通风及围岩热湿耦合条件下载/蓄冷功能性充填体的降温特性。

本文概述了采场热湿环境形成的原因，进一步研究了风流与潮湿围岩的热湿交换理论。在此基础上，综合考虑采场通风以及围岩热湿耦合条件，建立了采场区与充填区的耦合传热模型，以研究载/蓄冷功能性充填体对采场热环境的影响。在实验方面，设计了实验系统，通过模拟载/蓄冷功能性充填体降温作用下的采场热环境，开展了实验研究。在实验过程中，获取了采场温度和相对湿度的变化规律，并对这些实验结果进行了深入分析。通过将实验结果与数值模拟结果进行对比验证，证实了数值模拟方法的准确性和可靠性，表明所建立的热湿耦合辐射降温数值模拟模型可以用于特性分析研究。

基于数值模拟结果，深入探讨了影响采场热环境的因素，研究结果显示：载/蓄冷功能性充填体能有效降低采场温度，未使用该充填体时采场温度可以降至305 K，而使用后采场温度可降至298 K；围岩水分蒸发对采场的温度变化和换热至关重要，在预测采场温度时不可忽视；送风温度、送风相对湿度、送风速度、围岩相对湿度以及围岩温度都对采场温度和相对湿度分布有不同的影响。最后，基于正交模拟实验，探讨了各影响因素对采场平均温度和相对湿度影响的显著性顺序。各影响因素对采场平均温度影响的显著性顺序为：送风温度>围岩温度>送风速度>围岩相对湿度>送风相对湿度；各因素对采场平均相对湿度的影响显著性顺序为：送风相对湿度>围岩相对湿度>送风速度>围岩温度>送风温度。综上所述，本研究为深入理解采场热环境的形成机制提供了重要参考，为采取有效措施优化采场热环境提供了理论基础。

The issue of high temperatures and heat damage is getting more and more noticeable as mining depth increases, and it has grown to be a significant issue that limits safe output. Cold load/storage (CLS) functional cemented paste backfill (CPB) cooling is an innovative method of mine cooling, which is based on traditional filling materials, and replaces the water in the traditional slurry with a certain proportion of ice particles to make a composite phase-change filling material with cooling load/storage properties. This filling material enters the backfill area through the filling transportation system, and uses the partition board between the backfill area and the stope to provide cooling to the adjacent stope for cold radiation, thereby achieving a cooling effect. This research examines the cooling properties of the CLS functional CPB under stope ventilation and heat and moisture coupling of the surrounding rock using a combination of theoretical calculations, numerical simulations, and experimental studies.

This paper outlines the reasons for the formation of hot and humid environments in stope, and further investigates the theory of heat and moisture exchange between the wind flow and the moist surrounding rock. On this basis, comprehensively considering the stope ventilation and surrounding rock thermal and moisture coupling conditions, a coupled heat transfer model between the stope area and the backfill area was established to study the impact of CLS functional CPB on the stope thermal environment. In terms of experiments, an experimental system was designed and experimental research was conducted by simulating the thermal environment of the stope under the cooling effect of CLS function CPB. During the experiment, the changing rules of stope temperature and relative humidity were obtained, and the experimental results were analyzed in depth. Comparative verification between experimental results and numerical simulation results confirms the accuracy and reliability of the numerical simulation method, indicating that the established thermal-moisture coupled radiative cooling numerical simulation model can be used for characteristic analysis research.

Based on the numerical simulation results, the influencing factors of the stope thermal environment were deeply discussed, and the research results show that: CLS functional CPB can effectively reduce the temperature of stope area. When this filling material is not used, the temperature in the stope area can be reduced to 305 K, and after use it can be reduced to 298 K; The evaporation of surrounding rock water is crucial to stope temperature changes and heat transfer, and cannot be ignored when predicting stope temperature; Ventilation temperature, ventilation relative humidity, ventilation speed, surrounding rock relative humidity and surrounding rock temperature have different effects on the stope temperature and relative humidity distribution. Finally, based on orthogonal simulation experiments, the significance order of the influence of various influencing factors on the average temperature and relative humidity of the stope was discussed. The order of significance of the influence of each influencing factor on the average temperature of the stope is: ventilation temperature > surrounding rock temperature > ventilation speed > relative humidity of surrounding rock > relative ventilation humidity; the order of the influence of each influencing factor on the average relative humidity of the stope is: ventilation relative humidity > surrounding rock relative humidity > ventilation speed > surrounding rock temperature > ventilation temperature. In summary, this study provides an important reference for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanism of the stope thermal environment and a theoretical basis for taking effective measures to optimize the stope thermal environment.