煤壁片帮一直是制约煤矿安全生产的关键问题之一。受多种地质作用影响，煤层中形成了众多成因复杂、分布广泛的裂隙，在采动应力作用下煤层中的裂隙会再次发育，从而降低煤壁的稳定性。因此，探索大采高工作面超前支承压力影响区域内受载煤体裂隙扩展演化特征及其空间分布，对于提出大采高工作面煤壁的稳定性控制技术具有重要意义。通过研究得到的主要成果如下：

（1）通过结合理论分析与数值模拟，分析了大采高工作面超前支承压力的分布规律。研究结果表明：在回采前期，随着回采距离的增加，超前支承压力的峰值呈现逐渐增加的趋势，并且峰值位置至工作面的距离及其影响范围也逐渐增大。当工作面回采一定距离后，超前支承压力峰值及其至工作面的距离均趋于稳定状态。根据哈拉沟煤矿生产地质条件，大采高工作面超前支承压力峰值应力最终稳定在13.22MPa，应力集中系数为3.78。此外，模拟得出支承压力峰值位置距工作面5.2m处，影响范围距工作面35m左右，这与理论分析得到的峰值位置4.85m以及影响范围32.65m相一致。

（2）依据大采高综采工作面超前支承压力分布规律，选取工作面前方4个不同位置的煤样进行工业CT扫描，运用Avizo软件提取分析不同位置处原生煤样中裂隙条数、角度与长度，实现煤体内部裂隙空间展布与几何特征参数提取，准确分析各煤样优势裂隙扩展方位。研究结果表明：距离工作面越近的煤样，CT裂隙率越高，煤样的裂隙发育程度更为显著；此外，通过展示10°区间内不同位置处的煤样裂隙率与平均长度，并通过煤样裂隙率与平均长度来表示煤样优势裂隙方向，由此可知，不同位置处煤样裂隙的优势方向有显著差异。

（3）采用单轴压缩实验并配备声发射监测系统研究单轴压缩作用下不同位置处煤样的声发射响应规律。研究结果表明：各煤样在单轴压缩应力达到峰值强度80%左右时，声发射振铃计数均呈现大幅增加，这一现象标志着裂隙扩展发育的起始阶段。此外，根据各煤样声发射能量分布及其破坏特征可知：距离工作面越近的煤样受超前支承压力的影响，其煤样内部裂隙越多，抗压强度越小，声发射事件数越多，声发射能量分布较为集中且在压缩破坏后破坏程度越严重。

（4）采用PFC^2D数值模拟重构含裂隙煤样，研究在单轴压缩作用下裂隙演化特征。研究结果表明：煤样破裂以拉伸破坏为主，煤样内部微裂隙的扩展主要沿着原裂隙附近，含裂隙率越高的试样，在受载作用以及裂隙的影响下，产生较多的新裂隙，试样的新生裂隙、颗粒速度、内部应力均沿着原裂隙的方向和角度扩展，且试样的孔隙率以及最大位移变化量逐渐降低。

论文共有图64幅，表18个，参考文献83篇。

Coal wall spalling has always been one of the key problems restricting coal mine safety production. Under the influence of various geological processes, many fractures with complex causes and wide distribution are formed in the coal seam. Under the action of mining stress, the fractures in the coal seam will develop again, thus reducing the stability of the coal wall. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the fracture propagation evolution characteristics and spatial distribution of loaded coal in the area affected by the advanced abutment pressure of large mining height working face, which is of great significance to put forward the stability control technology of coal wall in large mining height working face. The main results obtained through research are as follows :

(1) By combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the distribution law of advance abutment pressure in large mining height working face is analyzed. The results show that in the early stage of mining, with the increase of mining distance, the peak value of advance abutment pressure increases gradually, and the distance from the peak position to the working face and its influence range also increase gradually. When the working face is mined for a certain distance, the peak value of the advance abutment pressure and its distance to the working face tend to be stable. According to the production geological conditions of Halagou Coal Mine, the peak stress of advance abutment pressure in large mining height working face is finally stable at 13.22MPa, and the stress concentration factor is 3.78. In addition, the simulation shows that the peak position of abutment pressure is 5.2m away from the working face, and the influence range is about 35m away from the working face, which is consistent with the peak position 4.85m and the influence range 32.65m obtained by theoretical analysis.

(2) According to the distribution law of advanced abutment pressure in fully mechanized mining face with large mining height, four coal samples at different positions in front of the working face were selected for industrial CT scanning. The Avizo software was used to extract and analyze the number, angle and length of cracks in primary coal samples at different positions, so as to realize the spatial distribution of cracks in coal body and the extraction of geometric characteristic parameters, and accurately analyze the extension direction of dominant cracks in each coal sample. The results show that the closer the coal sample is to the working face, the higher the CT fracture rate is, and the more significant the fracture development degree of the coal sample is. In addition, by showing the fracture rate and average length of coal samples at different positions in the 10° interval, and through the fracture rate and average length of coal samples to represent the dominant fracture direction of coal samples, it can be seen that there are significant differences in the dominant direction of coal samples at different positions.

(3) The acoustic emission response of coal samples at different positions under uniaxial compression was studied by uniaxial compression experiment and acoustic emission monitoring system. The results show that when the uniaxial compression stress of each coal sample reaches about 80% of the peak strength, the acoustic emission ringing count shows a significant increase, which indicates the initial stage of crack propagation and development. In addition, according to the acoustic emission energy distribution and failure characteristics of each coal sample, it can be seen that the closer the coal sample to the working face is affected by the advanced abutment pressure, the more internal cracks in the coal sample, the smaller the compressive strength, the more the number of acoustic emission events, the more concentrated the acoustic emission energy distribution and the more serious the damage degree after compression failure.

(4) The PFC^2D numerical simulation is used to reconstruct the fractured coal sample, and the fracture evolution characteristics under uniaxial compression are studied. The results show that the fracture of coal samples is mainly tensile failure, and the expansion of micro-cracks in coal samples is mainly along the vicinity of the original cracks. The higher the crack rate is, the more new cracks are produced under the influence of loading and cracks. The new cracks, particle velocity and internal stress of the samples are extended along the direction and angle of the original cracks, and the porosity and maximum displacement of the samples are gradually reduced.

The paper has 64 figures, 18 tables, and 83 references.

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