近年来，我国城市发展快速，地面交通拥堵严重，人们也越来越重视地下空间资源的利用，各大中城市为缓解地面交通压力而进行地下轨道交通建设。地铁隧道施工受地面和地下环境的限制较大，在穿越既有建筑物基础附近时会导致基础周围土体发生位移，进而使得桩基产生附加内力和变形，导致上部结构出现整体或不均匀沉降，从而危及桥梁和建筑物的安全使用。因此，研究地铁浅埋暗挖法施工对既有桩基础的影响，对工程施工具有重要的借鉴意义。 本文对前人的研究成果进行了总结，在此基础上分析了隧道开挖与桩基位移、轴力及桩周摩阻力变化之间的关系，主要进行的工作有以下几个方面： （1）分析了隧道开挖引起的土体位移变化和主要影响因素，采用Loganathan解析公式计算隧道开挖引起的土体位移；分析了土体竖向位移对既有桥桩的影响规律，然后通过剪切位移法建立起单桩及群桩位移控制方程，求解方程得出桩身位移及轴力变化的表达式；建立起隧道开挖前桩身的位移控制方程，得出开挖前的桩身位移、轴力分布表达式。 （2）基于所推导的桩身位移及轴力公式，将其应用到具体的工程实例中，计算了隧道开挖前的单桩及群桩位移轴力分布；将开挖引起的土体竖向位移分布进行多项式拟合，计算出隧道开挖引起的单桩及群桩变形和受力变化；最后对单桩进行了参数分析。 （3）通过对施工现场进行监测，获取数据并分析得出地表和桥桩沉降规律；利用FLAC3D有限差分软件建立模型，就实际采用环形开挖预留核心土法引起的土体桥桩沉降进行数值计算，得出其分布规律；将所得的计算、实测及模拟结果进行对比，通过实际监测和模拟结果验证计算的正确性。 （4）对现行规范中桥桩变形的控制标准进行了总结；根据计算的结果确定其加固的范围；提出了实际工程中控制桥桩变形的措施，可以给工程施工进行指导并具有一定的参考意义。

In recent years, with China's rapid urban development, the traffic congestion on the ground is being serious, which causes people more and more put their eyes on the use of underground space resources. To ease the traffic pressure on the ground, major cities have been constructing the underground rail transit. Subway tunnel construction under more restriction by ground and underground environmental, at the time of crossing near building foundations will lead to the displacement of the soil around the foundation, thus making the pile to generate additional internal forces and deformation, resulting in the overall appearance or uneven settlement of the upper structure, thereby endangering the safety of using bridges and buildings. Therefore, there is a important reference significance for construction.to study the impact of exit pile foundation duing to Shallow Mining Method construction. In this paper , based on Summarizing of previous research results, the relationship between tunnel excavation and pile displacement ,axial force and friction being analysised,the main work is carried out in the following areas: (1) Analysising the soil displacement and main factors induced by tunneling, Loganathan analytical solution formula is used to calculate the displacement of soil caused by tunneling. The influence of existing bridge piles caused by soil vertical displacement is anysisied, then a single pile and pile group displacement equations by shear displacement method is established, solving equations and gaining the pile displacement and axial force function. A single pile and pile group displacement equations by shear displacement method is also established before the tunnel excavating, solving equations and gaining the pile displacement and axial force function. (2) Based on derivation formula of pile displacement and axial foce, which is applied to compute the pile displacement and axial force before tunnel excavating.The soil vertical displacement caused by the excavated is used to fit polynomial ,which is applied to calculate the tunneling-induced deformation and stress changes of pile and group piles in specific examples of engineering. At last, the pile parameters are analyzed. (3) Through the construction site monitoring, data acquisition and analysis ,we gain the settlement rule of surface and draw bridge pile. Using of the finite difference software FLAC3D to establish numerical model, we caculats the settlement of soil and bridge pile for the actual construction method,and obtained the distribution pattern. Comparing the results we gained, the calculations accuracy is verificated through the simulation results and practical monitoring data. (4) The control standards for existing norms of bridge pile are summarized The consolidation range is determined based on the result of calculation.Propose measures to control the deformation of the bridge piles, which could provide guidance and reference to the project construction .