地下工程扰动诱发煤体内部损伤、破坏及渗流场的改变是造成煤体失稳和动力灾害的重要原因之一。在采矿工程中，煤油气资源共储区煤矿越来越多，多种资源开采相互制约现象频繁发生，其中石油、油层气（以下简称油气）渗流和采动应力耦合作用引发的煤矿油气涌出甚至喷出灾害是威胁矿井的安全生产重大问题之一。本文以煤油气共储区煤体油气渗流与采动应力耦合损伤致灾机理为研究目标，采用理论分析、现场探测、数值模拟、室内试验等研究手段，系统的研究油气渗流作用下煤体裂隙演化及力学响应行为，揭示油气渗流-采动应力耦合作用下煤体扩容损伤机理及渗透性能演化规律，取得了以下创新性成果：

（1）采用CT图像识别、分形维数及煤体内部介质CT特征值等手段，对煤体裂隙结构特征进行定性描述；通过裂隙迹长隙宽、数目、密度和体积分数等裂隙结构统计方法，对煤体裂隙结构特征进行定量描述，研究油气渗流对煤体裂隙结构特征的相关性，揭示石油和油层气渗流作用下裂隙演化规律。研究表明：裂隙结构的迹长隙宽符合负指数分布，裂隙发育程度与油气渗流损伤程度呈正相关关系，即取样位置越靠近油井，煤体裂隙越发育，损伤程度越高。

（2）油气渗流对煤体力学特性的劣化，导致受载强度、AE能量、撞击次数、幅值随着煤体远离油井而降低，煤体峰前应力路径与AE参数和破坏类型的动态演化规律呈现出明显的三阶段对应关系。高强度、高RA低AF特征往往伴随着剧烈的变形破坏，对应煤体渗流性能突变与应力急速释放，可以作为煤体失稳与油气灾害产生的定性预警条件。煤体失稳灾害与油气灾害存在动态转化关系，渗流作用促进裂隙扩展、聚结、贯通形成油气灾害通道，同时煤体力学特性劣化，将降低因采动产生煤体失稳的动力灾害。

（3）渗流-应力耦合煤体渗透性能测试发现，煤样渗透率同应力的关系符合抛物线函数Ｋ＝α_fｐ²＋β_fｐ＋ξ_f ，煤样渗透率随着载荷的增加扩容前呈指数下降，扩容后呈近似线性趋势增长。渗流-应力耦合条件下，煤体峰值强度三种介质的渗透率表现为油气混合物K_M>油层气K_G>石油K_O，表明油气耦合灾害对煤矿威胁要比石油和油层气单独渗流危害更为严重。基于煤体损伤扩容渐进性破坏的力学响应机制，建立了受载煤体各阶段损伤扩容屈服准则。

（4）分析了油气渗流作用下废弃油井附近煤体的弹性应力分布规律，构建了油气富集区渗透率演化过程中的煤体非线性渗流微分方程。考虑渗流损伤煤体裂隙演化、力学性质劣化及渗透性能演化的影响，引入损伤变量，建立了煤体油气渗流-采动应力耦合损伤模型。基于煤样裂隙三维重构，建立COMSOL Multiphysics数值模型，验证油气渗流-采动应力耦合损伤模型的正确性。模拟结果显示煤样的应力路径、渗流特性和破坏形态与渗流-应力耦合煤体渗透性能测试结果基本一致。

（5）运用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对建立的油井周围煤体油气渗流模型进行了数值求解，系统地分析了煤体与油井空间关系对煤体内部油气渗流规律的影响，以及煤体油气渗流-采动应力耦合作用下石油与油层气的渗流规律，模拟结果表明油井周边煤体孔隙压力、渗流范围和渗流速度与时间、距离呈正相关，煤体渗透率随着孔隙压力的增大呈先减后增的趋势。

（6）研究了油气渗流特征、应力历史以及渗流应力耦合煤体的变形损伤特征和渗透性能演化规律，揭示了油气渗流-采动应力耦合煤体随着渗透压增大，裂隙密度增大，膨胀变形增大，渗透性能增强，抵抗破坏能力减弱，促进裂隙扩展贯通至破坏的损伤机理。确定废弃油井附近煤体油气扩散半径计算方法，以马探31油井为例，计算所得扩散半径348m与现场检测330m渗流范围基本一致。现场监测显示油气压力与浓度在100m范围显著增加，验证了数值模拟与渗流试验结果。

The change of internal damage, failure and seepage field induced by underground engineering disturbance is one of the important reasons for coal instability and dynamic disaster. In mining engineering, there are more and more coal mines in the co-storage area of coal, oil and gas resources, and the phenomenon of mutual restriction of various resources mining occurs frequently. Among them, the coupling of oil and reservoir gas ( hereinafter referred to as oil and gas ) seepage and mining-induced stress caused by coal mine oil and gas emission and even ejection disaster is one of the major problems that threaten the safety of mine production. In this paper, the coupling damage mechanism of oil-gas seepage and mining-induced stress in coal-oil-gas co-storage area is taken as the research goal. The theoretical analysis, field detection, numerical simulation, laboratory test and other research methods are used to systematically study the fracture evolution and mechanical response behavior of coal under the action of oil-gas seepage, and reveal the expansion damage mechanism and permeability evolution law of coal under the coupling action of oil-gas seepage and mining-induced stress. The following innovative results have been achieved :

(1) The characteristics of coal fracture structure are qualitatively described by means of CT image recognition, fractal dimension and CT characteristic value of coal internal medium. Through the statistical methods of fracture structure such as length, width, number, density and volume fraction of fracture trace, the fracture structure characteristics of coal body are quantitatively described, the correlation between oil and gas seepage and fracture structure characteristics of coal body is studied, and the fracture evolution law under the action of oil and reservoir gas seepage is revealed. The research shows that the trace length and width of the fracture structure conform to the negative exponential distribution, and the degree of fracture development is positively correlated with the degree of oil and gas seepage damage. That is, the closer the sampling position is to the oil well, the more developed the coal fracture is, and the higher the degree of damage is.

(2) The deterioration of mechanical properties of coal caused by oil and gas seepage leads to the decrease of load strength, AE energy, impact times and amplitude as the coal body is away from the oil well. The dynamic evolution law of pre-peak stress path and AE parameters and failure types of coal body shows obvious three-stage correspondence. The characteristics of high strength, high RA and low AF are often accompanied by severe deformation and failure, corresponding to the sudden change of coal seepage performance and rapid release of stress, which can be used as a qualitative early warning condition for coal instability and oil and gas disasters. There is a dynamic transformation relationship between coal instability disaster and oil and gas disaster. Seepage promotes fracture expansion, coalescence and penetration to form oil and gas disaster channels. At the same time, the deterioration of coal mechanical properties will reduce the dynamic disaster of coal instability caused by mining.

(3) The permeability test of seepage-stress coupling coal body shows that the relationship between permeability and stress of coal sample conforms to parabolic function K=α_fp²+β_fp+ξ_f. The permeability of coal sample decreases exponentially with the increase of load before expansion, and increases linearly after expansion. Under the condition of seepage-stress coupling, the permeability of the three media of coal peak strength is expressed as oil and gas mixture K_M > reservoir gas K_G > oil K_O, indicating that the threat of oil and gas coupling disaster to coal mine is more serious than that of oil and reservoir gas alone. Based on the mechanical response mechanism of coal damage expansion failure, the damage expansion and yield criteria of loaded coal in each stage are established.

(4) Analyzed the elastic stress distribution law of coal near abandoned oil wells under the action of oil and gas seepage, and constructed a nonlinear seepage differential equation of coal during the permeability evolution process of oil and gas enriched areas. Considering the influence of seepage damage on the evolution of coal fractures, deterioration of mechanical properties, and evolution of permeability performance, a coupled damage model of coal oil and gas seepage mining stress was established by introducing damage variables. Based on the three-dimensional reconstruction of coal sample fractures, a COMSOL Multiphysics numerical model is established to verify the correctness of the oil and gas seepage mining stress coupled damage model. The simulation results show that the stress path, seepage characteristics, and failure morphology of the coal sample are basically consistent with the permeability performance test results of the seepage stress coupling coal body.

(5) The COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to numerically solve the established oil and gas seepage model of the coal around the oil well. The influence of the spatial relationship between the coal body and the oil well on the oil and gas seepage law inside the coal body was systematically analyzed, as well as the oil and gas seepage law under the coupling of oil and gas seepage-mining stress. The simulation results show that the pore pressure, seepage range and seepage velocity of the coal around the oil well are positively correlated with time and distance, and the coal permeability decreases first and then increases with the increase of pore pressure.

(6) The characteristics of oil and gas seepage, stress history, deformation damage characteristics and permeability evolution law of seepage-stress coupling coal body are studied. The damage mechanism of oil and gas seepage-mining stress coupling coal body is revealed. With the increase of osmotic pressure, the fracture density increases, the expansion deformation increases, the permeability increases, the resistance to failure decreases, and the fracture propagation is promoted. The calculation method of oil and gas diffusion radius of coal near abandoned oil wells is determined. Taking Matan 31 oil well as an example, the calculated diffusion radius of 348 m is basically consistent with the seepage range of 330 m detected on site. Field monitoring shows that the pressure and concentration of oil and gas increase significantly in the range of 100 m, which verifies the correctness of numerical simulation and seepage test results.

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