我国已探明的煤炭资源相当丰富，并且我国对于煤炭的生产以及消费都位居世界首列。随着煤层开采深度的增加，以往的瓦斯抽采效果不理想，严重制约了煤矿安全的回采。本文以山西和顺某高瓦斯矿井采煤工作面为研究目标，从理论推导分析、物理相似模拟试验以及现场工业性试验分析等方面，研究多因素条件下卸压瓦斯运移通道的演化规律，并将研究结果应用到现场，初步取得如下研究成果：

（1）通过自主研发改进的全自动变倾角二维物理模拟试验平台，选取三个试验水平（采高、倾角以及推进速度）为实验变量，开展不同影响因素下的瓦斯运移通道演化规律的二维物理模拟实验。结果表明增加采高，“三带”高度呈现增大趋势，裂隙带占比由48%升至60%。“三带”高度随煤层倾角的增大而增大，随推进速度的加快而降低。

（2）通过实验结果对比分析，发现离层量为三阶段呈“驼峰状”变化，选用离层量作为瓦斯运移通道的边界的判定条件。并对卸压瓦斯运移通道的空间分布特征、底板应力、贯通度和下沉量进行了定量的分析，确定了其相关的参数的变化规律，构建了多因素影响下瓦斯运移通道的理论数学模型。

（3）通过计算不同条件下的瓦斯运移通道的分形维数，分析得出不同影响因素下瓦斯运移通道的裂隙网络发育的分形特征，探讨了瓦斯运移通道发育的完整性，结果表明采高为6m时的瓦斯运移通道分形维数为4m时的1.07倍，2m时的1.23倍，呈升维趋势。瓦斯运移通道的分形维数随着推进速度的加快呈下降趋势。并且煤层倾角越大，瓦斯运移通道分形维数大小为1.68<1.69<1.71，呈现递增的趋势。

（4）基于302工作面的实际开采条件并且结合瓦斯运移通道试验模拟结果分析，针对该工作面实施立体瓦斯抽采系统的布置，并且在回采期间的微震监测进一步对抽采方式的布置参数进行优化，通过监测工作面瓦斯浓度变化情况，分析工作面立体抽采瓦斯的治理效果，验证了立体瓦斯抽采系统的对于高瓦斯工作面卸压瓦斯精准抽采的合理性。有效的解决了上隅角瓦斯超限等问题，最大程度保证了工作面的安全的回采，从而也对矿井安全有序的生产提供了有力的保障。

China has abundant proven coal resources, and its production and consumption of coal are among the first in the world. With the increase of coal mining depth, the previous gas drainage effect is not ideal, which seriously restricts the safe mining of coal mines. This paper takes the coal mining face of a high-gas mine in Heshun, Shanxi as the research goal. From the aspects of theoretical derivation analysis, physical similarity simulation test, and on-site industrial test analysis, etc., it studies the evolution law of pressure relief gas migration channel under multi-factor conditions and applying the research results to the site, the following research results were initially obtained:

(1) Through self-developed and improved fully-automatic variable dip angle two-dimensional physical simulation test platform, three test levels (height mining, dip angle, and propulsion speed) are selected as experimental variables to develop the evolution law of gas migration channel under different influencing factors Two-dimensional physical simulation experiment. It is found that with the increase of mining height, the height of the three belts has shown an increasing trend, and the proportion of fracture zones has increased from 48% to 60%. The height of the three belts increases with the increase of the coal seam inclination and decreases with the acceleration of the advancement speed.

(2) Through the comparative analysis of the experimental results, it is found that the delamination amount changes in a "hump-like" shape in three stages and the delamination amount is selected as the judgment condition of the boundary of the gas migration channel. The spatial distribution characteristics, floor stress, penetration and subsidence of the pressure-relief gas migration channel were quantitatively analyzed, and the change rules of its related parameters were determined. The theory mathematical model of gas migration channel under the influence of multiple factors was constructed.

(3) By calculating the fractal dimension of the gas migration channel under different conditions, the fractal characteristics of the development of the fracture network of the gas migration channel under different influencing factors are analyzed, and the development integrity of the gas migration channel is discussed. The results show that When the mining height is 6m, the fractal dimension of the gas migration channel is 1.07 times when it is 4m, and 1.23 times when it is 2m, showing a rising dimension. The fractal dimension shows a downward trend with the acceleration of the advancing speed. And the greater the coal seam dip angle, the fractal dimension of the gas migration channel is 1.68<1.69<1.71, showing an increasing trend.

(4) Based on the actual mining conditions of the 302 face and combined with the analysis of the gas migration channel test simulation results, the layout of the three-dimensional gas extraction system is implemented for the face, and the microseismic monitoring during the mining period further monitors the layout parameters of the extraction method Through optimization, by monitoring the gas concentration changes in the working face and analyzing the treatment effect of the three-dimensional gas drainage in the working face, the rationality of the three-dimensional gas drainage system for the accurate gas drainage of high-gas working face pressure relief gas was verified. It has effectively solved the problem of gas overrun at the upper corner, etc., and has ensured the safe mining of the working face to the greatest extent, thus also providing a powerful guarantee for the safe and orderly production of the mine.