陕北侏罗纪煤田地处毛乌素沙漠南缘与黄土高原接壤地带，生态环境脆弱，水资源短缺。榆横矿区（南区）魏墙井田扩大区和赵石畔井田与王圪堵水库饮用水水源保护区叠合范围达86.22km²，累计压占煤炭资源约3.6亿吨。如何在保护王圪堵水库饮用水水源及生态环境的前提下，采用科学的方法及有效的管理措施尽可能的解放被水源保护区压占的煤炭资源具有重要的研究意义。

本文以王圪堵水库下的煤炭资源开采为研究对象，在现有的水文地质资料的基础上，采用水文地质调查、钻探以及物探等方法，研究了煤层覆岩结构以及煤层顶板稳定性；研究了矿区地下水的发育、分布规律，明确了地下水补、径、排的动态变化规律；通过公式计算、数值模拟和实测结合的方法，确定了研究区导水裂隙带发育的高度，判断是否可以进行保水开采；通过研究煤炭开采对含水层、隔水层、矿井涌水、地面沉陷、水库蓄水位的影响，确定了煤炭开采对水库蓄水量的影响；通过调查水库周围可能存在的污染源，分析了矿井水的处理能力，确定了煤炭开采对水库饮用水环境的影响；根据矿山压力和水压力对煤体不同作用和影响，确定了煤柱矿压影响带宽度和有效隔水带煤柱宽度，通过理论计算和实际情况相结合的方式分析确定了留设的保护煤柱。本文研究成果可以为实现王圪堵水源地保护区煤炭资源开采与王圪堵水库饮用水源保护协调发展提供一定的借鉴。

The Jurassic coal field in northern Shaanxi is located in the border area between the southern margin of the Mao Us Desert and the northern part of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, with a fragile ecological environment and a shortage of water resources. The expanded area of Weiqiang mine field in Yuheng mining area (south area), Zhaoshipan mine field and drinking water source protection area of Wanggeduo Reservoir have a superimposed range of 86.22km2, accounting for about 360 million tons of coal resources. How to use scientific methods and effective management measures to liberate the coal resources occupied by the water source protection area as much as possible under the premise of protecting the drinking water source and ecological environment of Wanggeduo Reservoir has important research significance.

This paper takes the coal resources under Wanggedu Reservoir as the research object. On the basis of existing geological exploration, water quality analysis, pumping test and other hydrogeological data, as well as relevant domestic and foreign documents, hydrogeological survey, drilling and geophysical exploration methods are used to study the overlying structure of coal seams and the stability of coal seam roof, study the development and distribution of groundwater in the mining area, and define the groundwater recharge, diameter Dynamic change law of discharge; Through calculation, numerical simulation and actual measurement, determine the height of the water conducting fracture zone in the study area, and judge whether water retaining mining can be carried out; By studying the influence of coal mining on aquifers, aquifers, mine water inflow, ground subsidence, and reservoir water level, determine the influence of coal mining on reservoir water storage; Through the investigation of possible pollution sources around the reservoir, the treatment capacity of mine water is analyzed to determine the impact of coal mining on the drinking water environment of the reservoir. According to the different effects and influences of the mine pressure and water pressure on the coal body, the width of the influence zone of the mine pressure of the coal pillar and the width of the coal pillar of the effective water barrier are determined, and the reserved protective coal pillar is analyzed and determined by combining the theoretical calculation with the actual situation. The coordinated development of coal resource exploitation in Wanggedu Water Source Protection Area and drinking water source protection in Wanggedu Reservoir is realized by setting protective coal pillars.