随着煤炭的高效开采，综采工作面会产生大量的粉尘，并因风流及井下大型设备的存在，使得综采工作面的粉尘运移规律变化复杂，且在不同空间、不同时间的粉尘质量浓度及扩散程度也各不相同，严重威胁到了井下工人的身体健康，制约了“健康中国2030”的发展。因此，研究在不同空间、不同时间下综采工作面的粉尘变化规律，优化现有的降尘技术，对粉尘的现场治理有着重要意义。本文以柠条塔煤矿S12002综采工作面为研究对象，结合理论分析，现场实测，实验研究，数值模拟等手段，对粉尘的变化规律及降尘技术展开研究。

       首先，从微观视角上分析了粉尘的受力理论，通过现场实测及实验研究相结合的方式，对粉尘的浓度、分散度等参数进行了测定及检测。以实测数据为基础依据，确定模型的边界条件、离散相等相关参数；其次，开展了数值模拟，研究了在现场实测风速的情况下风流的分布规律以及在割煤、移架时粉尘的逸散规律，并且将时间与空间结合，模拟研究了粉尘在不同时间尺度下动态变化过程；最后，通过比较初始粉尘浓度确定降尘率及数值模拟的结果，对风速、增架喷雾间隔进行了数值优化，并且通过喷雾降尘原理以及雾粒蒸发时间的分析，确定了合适的喷嘴直径和喷雾压力。

       通过对柠条塔煤矿S12002综采工作面的粉尘实测、模拟及防治研究，结果表明：柠条塔煤矿采煤机截割是产生粉尘的重点环节，并与实际测量情况相符，通过数值模拟确定了时间尺度下的风流-粉尘的运移规律，从而对工人的健康防护提供了有利支撑；综采工作面的降尘技术的进一步优化，不仅可以有效降低员工尘肺病的发病几率，而且为矿井的高产高效与可持续发展提供了理论支撑和技术保障。

      With the efficient mining of coal, a large amount of dust will be produced in the fully mechanized mining face. Due to the existence of air flow and large underground equipment, the dust movement law of the fully mechanized mining face changes complicatedly, and the dust mass concentration and diffusion degree vary in different space and time, seriously threatening the health of underground workers and restricting the development of "healthy China 2030". Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dust change law of fully mechanized mining face in different space and time and optimize the existing dust reduction technology for the on-site treatment of dust. In this paper, the S12002 fully mechanized mining face in Ningtiaota Coal Mine is taken as the research object. Combined with theoretical analysis, field measurement, experimental research, numerical simulation and other means, the change law of dust and dust reduction technology are studied.

     Firstly, the force theory of dust is analyzed from the micro perspective. Through the combination of field measurement and experimental research, the parameters such as dust concentration and dispersion are measured and detected. Based on the measured data, the boundary conditions and discrete parameters of the model are determined; Secondly, the numerical simulation is carried out to study the distribution law of air flow under the field measured wind speed and the dust emission law during coal cutting and rack moving, and the dynamic change process of dust under different time scales is simulated by combining time and space; Finally, by comparing the initial dust concentration to determine the dust reduction rate and the results of numerical simulation, the wind speed and the additional spray interval are numerically optimized, and the appropriate nozzle diameter and spray pressure are determined through the analysis of spray dust reduction principle and spray evaporation time.

     Through the actual measurement, simulation and prevention of dust in the S12002 fully mechanized face of Ningtiaota Coal Mine, the results show that the shearer cutting in Ningtiaota Coal Mine is the key link to produce dust, which is consistent with the actual measurement. Through the numerical simulation, the air flow dust migration law under the time scale is determined, which provides a favorable support for the health protection of workers; The further optimization of dust reduction technology in fully mechanized mining face can not only effectively reduce the incidence of pneumoconiosis among employees, but also provide theoretical support and technical guarantee for the high yield, high efficiency and sustainable development of the mine.

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