我国西部浅埋煤层资源丰富，大规模开采对生态环境造成严重影响。降低充填材料成本，是条带充填保水开采技术得以推广的关键。西部风积沙资源丰富，研究高沙充填材料，是实现低成本充填开采的基础，研究具有重要的理论意义与实践价值。 通过激光粒度分析、化学分析、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析等测试手段研究了风积沙的理化性能。研究结果表明，风积沙颗粒形状不规则，多具有棱角，表面粗糙； D50为500 μm，细度模数在1.21~1.36之间，粒度分布较窄，属于特细沙；含泥量平均值为2.27 %；不均匀系数在2.2~2.4之间，属于级配不良骨料，通过添加粉煤灰（D50为12.34μm）、水泥（D50为19.73μm）可以改善其不良级配。 将风积沙用于制备煤矿井巷柔性条带充填的高沙充填材料，研究了胶沙比、粉煤灰掺量、质量浓度、外加剂种类及掺量对其输送性能和抗压强度的影响规律，并通过扫描电镜（SEM）研究了高沙充填材料的微观结构及外加剂作用机理，制备了满足条带充填性能要求的胶沙比为1:14的高沙充填材料。确定了高沙充填材料基础配比为：水泥、粉煤灰、风积沙的质量比为1：2：14，质量浓度为84 %，萘系减水剂1.5 %、铝酸钠型速凝剂3 %和三乙醇胺型早强剂0.04 %。 研究结果表明，质量浓度的逐渐增大，不利于充填膏体的流动性，但能够降低充填膏体的泌水率和初凝时间，提高早期强度，但长期强度降低。风积沙的大比例增加，使得充填膏体的流动性变差，泌水率增加，对凝结时间影响不大，同一掺量，随龄期延长，抗压强度增加。粉煤灰的掺加，改善了膏体的流动性，减少泌水率，可以适当延缓凝结时间，粉煤灰存在最佳掺量。随粉煤灰掺量增加，各龄期抗压强度逐渐增大。当粉煤灰掺量增大到大于1:2时，其长期强度（90d和180d）降低。 混凝土外加剂的掺入能有效调控充填材料性能。聚羧酸减水剂的减水效果优于萘系减水剂，但对水泥水化有一定的抑制作用。硫酸钠与三乙醇胺型早强剂对充填体的8 h强度均有所提升，但是硫酸钠对充填体长期强度降低显著。速凝剂的掺加，使得充填膏体的凝结时间大幅缩短，早期强度提高，但却使充填体中长期强度大幅降低。应严格控制速凝剂掺量。 总体上，确定了胶沙比达到1:14的高沙充填材料配比，其流动性、泌水率、凝结时间满足条带充填输送性能要求，稳定性和保水性较好；脱模后的试件8 h和28 d抗压强度分别能达到0.338 MPa和2.16 MPa，满足充填体抗压强度要求，为条带充填保水开采提供了经济的充填材料配比，对陕北和鄂尔多斯等生态脆弱矿区的保水开采具有重要的意义。

The resource of shallow coal seam in west china is affluent. However, The large scale exploitation of it will seriously exert undesirable influence on local environment. Reducing the cost of filling materials is the key to the promotion of strip filling and water saving technology. Aeolian sand in west china is abundant. Therefore, the study of high sand filling material is the foundation of low cost filling and mining. Besides, the research has important theoretical meaning and practical value. The physical and chemical properties of aeolian sand were studied by means of laser particle size analysis, chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results show that the particle size of the aeolian sand is irregular, the edges are many and the surface is rough. The D50 represents 500 μm. The sand that has a narrow particle size distribution and a fineness modulus between 1.21 and 1.36 can be classified as fine sand; The sand that has a 2.27 % average sediment percentage and a unevenness coefficient between 2.2 and 2.4 belongs to ill aggregates. But adding fly ash (D50 = 12.74μm) and cement (D50 is 19.73μm) will increase its ill gradation. Aeolian sand can be used for making high sand filling material that is filled with flexible strip on coal mine roadway. The effects of the ratio of mortar ratio, fly ash percentage, mass concentration,additive percentage and type on conveying performance and compressive strength were studied. Additionally, the microstructures and the mechanism of the admixture of high sand filling materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). High sand filling material with mortar ratio 1:14 was made for meeting the requirments of strip filling properities. Finally, it was confirmed that the mass ratio of cement, fly ash and aeolian sand was 1: 2: 14, that the mass concentration was 84%,that the naphthalene superplasticizer was 1.5%,that the sodium type was coagulant 3% and that triethanolamine type early strength agent is 0.04%. As the results shows, the increasing mass concentration is not conducive to the filling of paste fluidity but decreases filling paste bleeding rate and initial setting time.It can enhance early strength. However, the long-term strength decreased. As a result, the decreasing long term strength will increase the aeolian percentage, which gives rise to poor filling paste fluidity and high bleeding rate. Eventually, It has little influence on condensation time. For same amount, the compressive strength increases with increasing age. The addition of fly ash increases the flowability of the paste and reduces the bleeding rate, which can delay the setting time and the optimum amount of fly ash. With the increase of fly ash content, the compressive strength of each age gradually increased. When the fly ash content increased to greater than 1: 2, its long term strength (90d and 180d) decreased. The incorporation of concrete admixture can effectively control the performance of the filling material. The effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer is better than that of naphthalene super plasticizer, but it has certain inhibitory effect on cement hydration. Sodium sulfate and triethanolamine, a early strength agent ,increases the 8h intensity of filling material. But the sodium sulfate remarkably reduces the long term intensity of filling material. If adding setting acelerator to it, its condensaton time will be largely shortened and the early strength will be increased at the cost of long-term strength. So, stir fastener dosage should be strictly controlled. In general, the ratio of plasticity, bleeding rate and coagulation time to meet the performance requirements of strip filling and transportation are better than those of the high sand filling material with the ratio of sand to sand ratio of 1:14. The stability and water retention are better. The compressive strength of the test piece can reach 0.338 MPa and 2.16 MPa respectively for 8 h and 28 d respectively, which can meet the requirements of the compressive strength of the filling body, provide the economical filling material ratio for the strip filling and water conservation. It is importantly significant for ecologically fragile mining area in northern Shaanxi and Ordos to do water presevered mining .