综掘工作面机械化程度高、巷道独头通风距离长，易产生高浓度粉尘，不仅增加了设备的磨损，而且会威胁到工人的健康和安全。目前，单一风流作用除尘效果有限，而研究水雾作用下不同尘源位置尘雾耦合运移扩散规律不仅能够有效优化通风除尘方式，还能为现场水雾的应用提供一定指导方向，因而具有重要研究意义。

本文以凉水井矿为研究背景，通过理论分析、数值模拟以及现场实测应用来对综掘面水雾作用下不同尘源位置尘雾耦合的运移规律进行研究。首先，建立综掘面几何模型，在长压短抽式通风除尘系统下，采用Fluent软件模拟巷道粉尘空间分布特征，并将单一风流作用和水雾作用两种情况进行对比分析；其次，将综掘面划分为五个尘源位置（尘源位置1~5，分别位于掘进面的左侧下方、右侧下方、左侧上方、右侧上方和中心位置），模拟得到单一风流作用和水雾作用时各个尘源位置处尘雾的扩散分布规律；最后，在综掘面布置粉尘测量点，现场测定不同尘源位置粉尘在无水雾和有水雾作用下的扩散运移特征，并对模拟结果进行现场对比验证，以期为水雾的现场应用提供一定指导。

结果表明：粉尘在巷道内的运动主要受风流影响，其运动特性可分为涡流区、射流区和回流区；在单一风流作用下，综掘面大粒径粉尘主要沉积在巷道底板附近，作业空间被随风流扩散的质量较小的粉尘所污染，进风侧的粉尘浓度因风流影响而明显低于回风侧，巷道内其他位置的粉尘浓度也因掘进设备造成的风流扰动而要低于综掘机后方。在水雾作用下，雾滴以60°锥角从喷嘴喷出，并以7 m/s的初速度向巷道前端运动，掘进面被这些雾滴呈扩散状包裹起来，粉尘颗粒得到有效抑制；在t=5 s时，截割面被粉尘和雾滴颗粒所环绕，它们主要聚集在掘进机前方位置，t=15 s时，大部分雾滴在掘进机悬臂周围形成一个圆锥形的环形覆盖区，有效地截留产生的粉尘，t=20 s时，粉尘大量减小，此时巷道内的雾滴数量多于粉尘颗粒，除尘效果较好；t=30 s~60 s时，巷道内粉尘和雾滴已经所剩无几，只有少量逃离出来的粉尘在随着风流做无规律的旋流运动，它们最终会沉降在巷道底板并被抽风筒捕捉。尘源位置1处产生的粉尘在风流影响下主要积聚在风筒侧和回风侧，巷道内通风除尘效果较差且整体浓度偏高，尘源位置2处产生的粉尘主要聚集在迎头面及综掘机截割头前部位置，尘源位置3处产生的粉尘主要分布在巷道前端且比尘源位置2处产生的粉尘浓度明显降低，尘源位置4处产生的粉尘，其整体浓度相较于前3个尘源位置处产生的都要低，尘源位置5处产生的粉尘在距迎头面15 m后浓度下降迅速，风流及抽风筒作用对粉尘浓度影响最明显，通风除尘效果最好。加入水雾后迎头面粉尘浓度骤降，在与迎头距离为10 m~25 m时，尘源位置1处产生的粉尘浓度下降趋势显著，说明水雾作用下的降尘效果要比单一风流作用时的好，粉尘得到有效控制。

The fully mechanized excavation face has a high degree of mechanization and a long ventilation distance of the single head of the roadway, which is prone to generate high concentration of dust, not only the equipments are worse, but also the the healthy of workers are posed a threat. At present, the dust removal effect of wind flow is limited, but the study of law of dust-mist coupling at different dust sources under the action of water mist can not only effectively optimize the ventilation and dust removal method, but also provide some guidance for the application of on-site water mist.

This paper takes Liangshuijing Mine as the research background, through basic theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement application, to study the law of dust-mist coupling at different dust sources under the action of water mist on fully-mechanized excavation face. Firstly, A geometric model of fully mechanized excavation face is established, and the Fluent software is used to simulate the spatial distribution characteristics of dust under the long-pressure short-pump ventilation and dust removal system, and the two situations of single wind flow and water mist are compared and analyzed. Secondly, fully mechanized excavation face is divided into five dust sources (dust sources 1~5, respectively located at the lower left, lower right, upper left, upper right and center of the excavation face), and the distribution law of dust mist at each dust source is obtained by simulation. Finally, dust measurement points are arranged, and the migration characteristics of dust at different dust sources under the action of no water mist and water mist are measured on site.

The results show: The movement of dust is mainly affected by wind flow, and its movement characteristics is divided into eddy flow area, jet flow area and backflow area. Under the action of a single wind, the large-size dust on the fully mechanized excavation face is mainly deposited near the floor of the roadway, and the working space is polluted by the dust of smaller quality diffused with the wind flow, and the dust concentration on the air inlet side is significantly lower than that in the return air due to the influence of wind flow. Under the action of water mist, the mist is sprayed at a cone angle of 60°, and moves to the front end of the roadway with initial velocity of 7 m/s. These droplets cover the excavation surface, which can play a good role in inhibiting dust particles. T=5 s, all the dust and mist particles have been injected into the cutting surface and gathered in the front area of the roadheader; t=15 s, most of the fog droplets form a cone-shaped coverage area around the cantilever of the roadheader, which effectively capture the dust; t=20 s, the dust is greatly reduced, and the number of fog droplets is more than that of dust particles, and the dust removal effect is perfect; t=30 s~60 s, most of the dust particles have been captured, and only a small part of them escape from the wind flow action area are doing irregular swirling motion, they will eventually be deposited and captured by the draft tube. The dust at the dust source 1 is mainly accumulated on the air duct side and the return air side under the action of the wind flow, and not only the dust removal effect in the roadway is bad, but also the overall concentration is high; the dust at the dust source 2 is mainly gather at the front of the cutting head of the fully mechanized excavator; the dust at the dust source 3 is mainly distributed in the front of the roadway and its concentration is greatly lower than that at the dust source 2; the overall concentration of the dust at dust source 4 is lower than that at the first three dust sources; the concentration of dust at dust source 5 drops rapidly after being 15 m away from the head-on face, not only the effect of wind flow and exhaust duct on the dust concentration is the most obvious, but also the effect of dust removal is the best. After water mist is added, the flour dust concentration drops sharply. When the distance from the head is 10 m to 25 m, the dust concentration at the dust source 1 has a significant downward trend, indicating that the dust reduction effect under the action of water mist is better than that wind flow, and the dust is effectively controlled.