有关氨基酸、胺类物质的分析多使用衍生化技术，以改变分析物的性质。但现阶段已报道的衍生化试剂，由于数据精确度不高、价格昂贵、衍生产物质谱信号易受复杂基质干扰、数据处理困难等原因，应用范围受到了限制。本文针对这一问题，筛选了4种新型的衍生化试剂，对其衍生产物的卤素同位素峰和抗基质干扰能力进行了研究，并使用Python改善了数据处理过程。

首先，对含有卤素同位素Cl的衍生化试剂（4-氯苯磺酰氯）与甘氨酸的衍生反应为模型进行了反应条件探究。通过对反应物投料比、反应物投料的顺序、衍生反应时间、衍生反应温度、碱性环境、终止剂的添加进行对比，确定了最佳的衍生条件。由此得到的衍生产物稳定，无需经过纯化处理。最重要的是，在衍生产物的色谱图及质谱图中可以明显的看到卤素Cl的同位素峰，这便于对复杂基质中没有荧光吸收或紫外吸收的特定目标化合物进行快速的定性分析。

其次，由于实际样本的数据基质复杂、处理过程耗时等，使数据处理部分不易完成。在此基础上提出了基于Python脚本对UPLC-Q-TOF数据进行分析的方法，在4种新型卤素同位素衍生化试剂（4-氯苯磺酰氯、3,5-二氯苯磺酰氯、4-溴苯磺酰氯、4-溴-2-氯苯磺酰氯）衍生产物的质谱图中找出了含有一个Cl元素、两个Cl元素、一个Br元素、一个Cl元素和一个Br元素衍生产物的同位素峰。此方法大大提高了获取数据的效率，节约了时间成本，实验结果证明了筛选数据的有效性和优越性，为分析实际样本的质谱数据打下了坚实的基础。

最后，由于健康人体尿液、牛奶样本的实际样本中的复杂基质干扰了氨基酸及胺类物质的检测分析，因此，本文建立了一种卤素同位素标记-质谱技术测定复杂基质中氨基酸及胺类物质的研究。发现健康人体尿液使用水、甲醇和乙腈萃取时，乙腈效果最好，衍生化处理之后在尿液样本中发现了尿素、酪氨酸、尿酸；市售牛奶首先使用甲醇（溶剂与牛奶的比例为3:1）沉淀蛋白质，再经DCM去除脂质，经衍生化和数据处理之后并未出现同位素峰，可据此推断该种牛奶样品没有添加非蛋白氮，但在人为添加三聚氰胺的牛奶样品中检测到了衍生物的同位素峰。

The analysis of amino acids and amines mostly uses derivatization techniques to change the properties of the analytes. However, the derivatization reagents that have been reported at this stage are limited in their application scope due to low data accuracy, high price, susceptibility to complex matrix interference of derivative product mass spectrometry signals, and difficulty in data processing. In response to this problem, this paper screened 4 new derivatization reagents, studied the halogen isotope peaks and anti-matrix interference capabilities of their derivatives, and used Python to improve the data processing process.

Firstly, the derivatization reaction of the derivatization reagent (4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride) containing the halogen isotope Cl (4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride) with glycine was used as a model to explore the reaction conditions. The optimal derivatization conditions were determined by comparing the reactant feed ratio, the order of reactant feed, the derivatization reaction time, the derivatization temperature, the alkaline environment, and the addition of terminator. The derived product thus obtained is stable and does not need to be purified. The most important thing is that the isotope peaks of halogen Cl can be clearly seen in the chromatogram and mass spectrum of the derivative product, which facilitates rapid qualitative analysis of specific target compounds without fluorescence or ultraviolet absorption in complex matrices.

Secondly, the data processing part is not easy to complete due to the complex data matrix of the actual sample and the time-consuming processing process. On this basis, a method for analyzing UPLC-Q-TOF data based on Python scripts was proposed. Four new halogen isotope derivatization reagents (4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, 3,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-Bromobenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-bromo-2-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride) derivative products of the mass spectrum found the isotopes containing one Cl element, two Cl elements, one Br element, one Cl element and one Br element derivative products peak. This method greatly improves the efficiency of data acquisition and saves time and cost. The experimental results prove the effectiveness and superiority of screening data, and lay a solid foundation for the analysis of mass spectrometry data of actual samples.

Finally, because the complex matrix in the actual samples of healthy human urine and milk samples interferes with the detection and analysis of amino acids and amines, this paper establishes a halogen isotope labeling-mass spectrometry technique for the determination of amino acids and amines in complex matrices Research. It was found that when healthy human urine was extracted with water, methanol and acetonitrile, acetonitrile had the best effect. After derivatization, urea, tyrosine, and uric acid were found in urine samples. Commercial milk first uses methanol (the ratio of solvent to milk is 3:1) to precipitate proteins, and then removes lipids by DCM. After derivatization and data processing, there is no isotope peak. It can be inferred that this kind of milk sample is not added Non-protein nitrogen, but the isotope peak of the derivative was detected in the milk sample artificially added with melamine.

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