煤炭资源的可靠性、价格的低廉性、燃烧的可洁净性决定了煤炭工业在我国国民经济和社会发展中的基础地位。国家统计局数据显示，2009年我国原煤产量达到30.5亿吨，同比增长12.7%。 现阶段，国内针对西南地区煤矿的自燃火灾研究、相关文献较少。本文以鲁班山北矿1836综采面为研究对象，从煤层特点出发，基于目前煤炭自然发火起因和研究水平，紧紧围绕1836综采面地压大、断层带较多、地质构造相对复杂、煤层含硫量高等实际情况展开论述。首先，利用大型煤自然发火实验台对煤的自燃特性进行了实验研究，测定了煤自燃在不同温度下CO和CO2的产生率，氧化放热强度以及自燃极限参数等，建立1836综采面煤自然发火预报指标体系，为煤层自燃预报奠定了基础；其次，现场观测掌握1836综采工作面实际开采条件下采空区浮煤分布规律、氧气分布规律和漏风规律；确定工作面采空区“三带”划分指标，判定采空区“三带”范围气体动态移动规律；确定工作面自燃危险区域及工作面最小安全推进速度；预测采空区在不同速度推进时的自燃危险性和实际条件下的自然发火期。最后根据煤自燃预报判定指标体系和鲁班山北矿现有的防灭火技术条件和装备，提出防灭火技术对策，并指导现场治理工作，取得了良好效果，对相似条件的矿井具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。

Reliable, cheap, clean, determines the coal industry's foundation status in China's national economic and social development. National Bureau of Statistics data show that in 2009 China's coal production reached 3.05 billion tons, increase 12.7% over last year. At this stage, few studies on high-sulfur coal. LUBAN mine is a typical high-sulfur coalmine ,whose pressure in surrounding rocks are very high,and geological structure of coal field is fairly complicated. Spontaneous combustion of fully mechanized top-coal caving face 1836 in LUBAN is investigated in present study. Firstly, the large experiment device of coal self-ignition is used to study the character, evaluate oxygen consuming rate, calculate CO and CO2 generating rate and heat releasing intensity of coal self-ignition. Secondly,through on-site observation,under the actual mining conditions of 1836 fully mechanized coal face,the floating coal distribution,the oxygen distribution and leakage law of mine-out area were found; a division index for three zones of mine-out area were confirmed,and the gas dynamic mobile law in the scope of three zones was confirmed;the minimal promotion rate and the risk face area of spontaneous combustion;and the danger of spontaneous combustion when Gob advancing at different speeds and the actual conditions of spontaneous combustion time were forcasted.Finally,according to spontaneous combustion forecasting index system and on-site prevention and extinguishing technologies and equipment,technical countermeasures against fire were proposed,which were used to guide the on-site work and achieved good results, and provided a certain reference for coal mines with similar conditions.