在“节能减源”和“公交优先”的大背景下，越来越多的人选择公交车作为出行的代步工具，然而公交事业中却存在着诸如监控不给力、调度不及时、路况查询不准确等现象。对于公交监控系统而言，GPS/GPRS定位技术固然有着全球覆盖面高、功能多、精度高等优点，但由于受应用范围和经济条件的限制，并不适合广泛应用。因而本文提出了运用嵌入式技术和射频识别技术实现公交车辆的实时监控和智能调度的方法。 本文主要研究内容和成果如下： 1、 从模块化设计以及可扩展性等方面考虑，详细设计了公交监控系统的整体架构，研究分析了嵌入式技术和射频识别技术的原理和应用。在公交车载上采用Samsung公司的S3C2440作为硬件开发平台，并在其上移植了嵌入式Linux操作系统作为软件开发环境；在界面设计上，采用了基于Linux操作系统的Qt/E，实现了公交车辆的信息采集、语音报站、电子表单录制、异常情况报警、路况信息查询、信息接收等功能。监控调度中心的设计采用VC++6.0作为软件开发环境，并结合SQL Server 2000数据库，实现了司机登录、车辆查询调度、异常情况处理等功能。本文重点讨论了嵌入式Linux操作系统的移植，以及射频识别技术在公交监控系统中的应用。 2、在系统的实现上，首先完成了嵌入式开发环境的搭建，包括交叉编译环境的建立、BootLoader的移植、嵌入式Linux内核的配置和裁剪、文件系统的构造，并且对嵌入式GUI进行设计和对底层驱动进行完善。在此基础上对嵌入式公交监控系统进行了硬件设计和软件设计，给出了主要的硬件介绍和原理图，分析设计软件流程图，接着研究了GSM通信协议和防碰撞技术等内容。系统能够很好的满足公交智能化的要求，而且该系统有一定的扩展性，适合在大中城市公交车安装应用，具有很高的实用价值。

In the background of "energy-saving emission reduction" and "bus priority", more and more people take the bus as means of transport. However, in transit career monitoring there are bad phenomenon such as monitoring incapable, dispatching untimely and inaccurate traffic checking, etc. GPS/GPRS(global positioning technology), with a broad global coverage, a wide range of functions and higher precision, is not suitable in the traffic management system, which results from the limited economic condition and range of applications. So this thesis realizes public transport vehicle real-time monitoring and intelligent scheduling by using Embedded technology and Radio Frequency Identification technology. The main research content and results are as follows: 1、Taking the modular design and extendibility and so on into account, this thesis details the overall structure of Bus monitoring system and analyzes the principle and application of the Embedded technology and Radio Frequency Identification technology. The design of Bus-mounted system using S3C2440 in Samsung company as its hardware development platform, and transplanting Embedded Linux operating system as the software development environment, on the design of system interface using Qt/E based on the Linux operating system. So it realizes the information collection of buses, automatic bus stops, the recording electronic form, the alerting of exception, the querying of traffic information, the receiving of bus information, and so on. The Monitoring and Dispatching center realizes the logining of bus drivers, the operator and querying of buses, the processing of exception and so on, which using VC++ 6.0 as its software development environment, combined with the SQL Server 2000 database. This thesis focuses on the transplantation of Embedded Linux operating system, and the application of Radio Frequency Identification technology in the bus monitoring system. 2、On the implementation of the system, firstly constructs the embedded development environment, including the establishment of cross-compiling environment, the BootLoader transplantation, the configuration and tailoring of Embedded Linux kernel, the structure of the file system, and improves perfectly embedded GUI and bottom drives. This thesis design the hardware and software of the monitoring system of Embedded bus on the basis, shows the main hardware introduction, the principle diagram, analysis and design software flow chart, and then studies the GSM communication protocol and prevent collision technology, etc. The system, with certain extensibility, can meet the quirement of transport intelligent, and it is suitable for large and medium-sized cities bus and has high practical value.