化学钝化修复是一种以降低风险为目的的污染土壤治理方法，通过添加活性材料，以调节和改变污染物在土壤中的物理化学性质，使其产生吸附、络合、沉淀、离子交换和氧化还原等一系列反应，降低其有效性及生物可利用性，达到修复效果。近年来，用含磷材料修复污染土壤主要集中在重金属铅上，而实际土壤重金属污染往往一个多金属并存的复合污染，因此研究含磷材料修复重金属复合污染土壤更具有实际意义。 本论文运用重过磷酸钙磷肥（TSP）和磷灰石矿粉（PR）材料，修复重金属铅、铜、锌、镉复合污染的土壤，目的是减小重金属的有效性，降低其生物可利用性。采用重金属有效性提取（0.01MCaCl2）、毒性淋溶提取(toxicity characteristic leaching procedure，TCLP)、生物可利用性提取（physiologically based extraction test，PBET）以及柱淋溶实验评价重金属复合污染土壤的修复效果；借助Visual MINTEQ化学形态模型探讨含磷物质修复污染土壤中重金属的可能机理。

Chemical inactivation is a cost-effective method for remediation of metal contaminated soil, which is based on reduction of metal availability through formation of amendment -induced insoluble metal precipitates. Application of phosphorus-bearing materials in remediation of contaminated soil has been greatly receiving more attention, but it is mostly focused on Pb immobilization. However, real soil contaminated with metal is often a system of multi-metal combined pollution. Therefore, it has more practical significances to apply phosphorus-bearing materials in remediation of the multi-metal contaminated soils. The expriment was conducted by using phosphate rock (PR) and phosphorus fertilizer (TSP), alone or in combination, to induce immobilization of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in a multi-metal combined contaminated soil. The treatment effectiveness was evaluated through CaCl2 extraction, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), physiologically based extraction test (PBET), and column leaching expriment.