煤炭自燃是威胁煤矿安全生产的重大灾害，严重地威胁着煤矿职工的生命财产安全，阻碍了煤炭工业的可持续发展，影响社会稳定。连续供氧是煤层自燃的必要条件，堵漏风断绝浮煤氧气供给可有效地防治煤层内因火灾。本文针对煤层火灾的特点及发火条件，开展了高水封堵防灭火材料及其应用研究。 首先，开展了高水封堵防灭火材料主要组分及配方的研究。选取高吸水树脂作为材料的主要组分，根据自由基聚合反应机理，通过大量实验，采用AA-CA二聚体，引发剂及交联剂，通过交联和聚合反应制备封堵剂的核心组分，通过正交实验，研究了矿用高水封堵材料的合成方法及工艺技术，选择出吸水倍率高且受盐的影响小，工艺简单的最佳配方。实验结果表明，优化的合成条件为：AA-CA二聚体中和度为80％、引发剂用量为0.025％、AA-CA二聚体、HEMA摩尔比AA-CA:HEMA=95:5，交联剂用量为0.04％，在此条件下合成得到的高水封堵材料的最大吸水倍率可达786g/g。 其次，通过添加粉状惰性分散剂HV对封堵材料的热稳定性、吸潮性等进行改善的实验，确定分散剂与有机组分的最佳比例为2:1；通过封堵材料用量与性能关系的实验，得出封堵剂与水按2%的比例混合，可以得到具有良好性能的封堵材料。大量实验研究表明，高水封堵材料具有良好的吸水性、胶凝性、阻化性、封堵性等防灭火特性。 最后，将高水封堵材料应用于矿井煤自燃的防治，成功防治了平安煤矿、黄陵一号煤矿等煤层自燃。现场应用表明，高水封堵材料添加量少、耐火性好、工艺简单，较好地解决了煤层漏风堵漏和煤层火区降温问题，是良好的封堵防灭火材料，具有极大的推广应用价值。

Coal spontaneous combustion is the disaster in coal mine which threatens workers’ safety and property seriously, affects the social stability and hinders the sustainable development of coal industry. Continuous supply of oxygen is the necessary condition for spontaneous combustion of coal, plugging the wind and cutting off the oxygen supply to loose coal can be effective ways in combating spontaneous fire. In this paper, based on the characteristics of coal mine fire and combustion conditions, a study and application of high-water content sealing material for extinguishing coal mine fire were launched. Firstly, the main components and its proportion to prepare high-water content sealing material for extinguishing coal mine fire were studied. Superabsorbent was selected as the main component of sealing material, according to the reaction mechanism of free radical, through a large number of experiments, superabsorbent was synthesized by AA-CA dimmer, initiator and crosslinker. Through the orthogonal experiments, the optimum conditions of synthesis and technology were studied to choose the best proportion which has high absorption rate, little impact of salt and simple process The results show that the optimum conditions: the neutralization degree of AA-CA dimer was 80%, the initiator concentration was 0.025%, AA-CA:HEMA=95:5, the crosslinker concentration was 0.04%. The maximum absorbent rate of the sealing material synthesized under these conditions was up to 786g/g. Then, by adding inert powder dispersant HV into sealing material, to improve the thermal stability, moisture absorption and so on, the results showed that the best rate of dispersant and organic component was 2:1; Through the experiments about the relationship between consumption and performance of sealing material, the general dosage should be controlled at 2%. A great number of results showed that the sealing material has high-water absorption, cementing property, inhibiting property, plugging performance and other features of fire prevention and extinguishing. Finally, the high-water content sealing material was successfully used in controlling coal spontaneous combustion in Pingan mine and Huangling1# mine region. It was added less, fire resistance is good, process is simple, it solves the problems of sealing the seam leakage and lowering coal temperature. It is a good sealing material for preventing and extinguishing coal mine fire and has great application value.