榆林能源化工基地能源资源富集，被誉为“中国的科威特”。自原国家计委1998年批准规划建设国家级能源化工基地以来，能源化工基地的开发和建设推进了榆林市经济社会快速发展，但是，伴随着能源资源开发进程的加快，榆林能源化工基地环境问题日渐突出，区域生态环境可持续发展受到严重制约。 本文在国内外生态承载力研究综述和生态承载力评价模型分析的基础上，以榆林统计年鉴的相关数据为基础，根据榆林能源化工基地特有的生态环境特点，构建榆林能源化工基地的生态环境指标体系，采用生态足迹理论和方法，对榆林市生态承载力进行测算。 测算结果显示（1）2001年至2007年榆林生态环境承载力呈现显波动性下降趋势，平均生态赤字达到8.9174hm2/人，远远高出全球生物标杆；（2）通过用万元GDP计算，得出榆林市的资源利用率远远低于国家标准，并且在这七年间，榆林市资源利用率低，处于高消耗，低效益以损失自然生态为代价的一种不可持续发展状态，经济发展水平偏低。榆林市生态环境处于不可持续发展状态；（3）吸取西方国家工业化过程中破坏生态环境的教训，避免发生“工业化生产——破坏生态——被动治理”的悲剧，走一条可持续发展的路子，榆林市应以科学发展观为指导，及时平衡产业发展，改善生态环境，尤其是基于榆林市自然环境的特殊性，进行针对性的环境治理来提高其生态承载力，促进榆林市生态环境可持续发展。 根据本文分析结果，提出以下五点建议：（1）利用好现有的水资源，减少对水资源的污染；（2）保持和加强现有林地、草地和建设用地；（3）平衡产业发展，全面实施可持续发展战略；（4）依靠科学进步，走出一条新型开发道路；（5）加大环境执法力度，推行生态建设目标责任制。

The Yulin Energy Chemical Industry Base is a state-level energy chemical industry base which is authorized by the original State Planning Commission in 1998. Because there are many kinds of mineral resources which are excellent in quality, concentrates in a high degree and good combination, it is honored as “China's Kuwait”. The high speed construction's development causes the area and the populaces obtain the actual benefit, it also causes environmental pollution, which makes the environment more and more deteriorated, the populace’s living conditions destroyed seriously. On foundation of discussing research status at home and abroad of ecological carrying capacity and ecological carrying evaluation model, basing on the statistical yearbook of Yulin, according to energy chemical base in northern shaanxi ecological environment characteristics, constructing index system, using ecological footprint theory, in order to calculate the ecological carrying capacity. Using ecological footprint model to analysis ecological environment of Energy chemical base in Northern Shaanxi, which indicate that (1) during 2001 and 2007 Yulin’s environment carrying capacity is decreasing fluctuantly. The ecological deficit was 8.9174hm2 per capita in average, which is much higher than global biological benchmarking, (2) by computing thousand Yuan GDP, we know that resource utilization is far below the national standard. That means in this seven years, Yulin resource utilization, in a high consumption and low efficiency to the cost of loss of the natural ecology of a state of unsustainable development, the economic develops lowly. And the ecological environment of Yulin is in unsustainable development status. (3)Absorb lessons from the industrialization process of western countries undermine the ecological environment, avoiding “industrial production-destroy ecology-passively treatment”, keeping sustainable development. Yulin should adopt the scientific development philosophy to balance industry development, improve environment, especially based on the special ecological environment to carry out pertinence countermeasures to enhance its ecological carrying capacity, thus improving Yulin sustainable development. Research content and the main conclusion are as follows: (1) Making full use of existing water resources, reducing water pollution. (2) Keeping and strengthening existing forest land, grassland and construction land. (3) Balancing industry development, carrying out sustainable strategy comprehensively. (4) Depending on science and technology, blazing a new path of development. (5) Intensify environment law enforcement efforts, carrying out ecological construction target responsibility system.