建筑业是国民经济的重要支柱产业之一，但其生产安全事故总量位居各行业之首，安全生产形势较为严峻。事故调查和统计表明，人的不安全行为是引发事故最重要的原因之一，而工人的不良情绪是诱发人的不安全行为的重要因素。为此，有必要对其成因和作用过程进行更深层次的研究，并针对施工人员的不良情绪进行有效地干预。

本研究聚焦于建筑工人不良情绪，探究建筑工人不良情绪的影响因素，以期减少工人不安全行为。首先，结合情感事件理论、情绪认知评价理论分析建筑工人不良情绪对不安全行为的作用过程；通过事故案例、文献分析和调查问卷，确定了建筑工人不良情绪影响因素；然后，通过DEMATEL-ISM法对建筑工人不良情绪影响因素进行特征分析，并用主客观组合赋权法确定了各影响因素的权重；最后，结合系统动力学原理，构建建筑工人不良情绪诱发不安全行为的系统动力学模型，分析系统内各影响因素之间的相互作用关系，绘制因果关系图、系统流图；根据建筑工人不良情绪影响因素的特征分析和权重大小，提出干预策略仿真模拟，分析建筑工人不良情绪水平和不安全行为的变化趋势，对比不同干预策略的干预效果，提出建筑工人不良情绪的提升策略。

研究结果表明，建筑工人不良情绪影响因素中，知识技能水平、安全领导力、安全激励、安全培训、人际关系诱发不良情绪的深层致因；建筑工人不良情绪对不安全行为的产生存在滞后性，采取相应地干预策略可以降低建筑工人不良情绪对不安全行为的诱发作用。本文开展建筑工人不良情绪影响因素及其干预仿真研究，明确了建筑工人不良情绪影响因素，通过有效的干预策略，降低了不良情绪的负面影响，减少建筑工人的不安全行为出现的概率，为优化建筑施工安全管理提供了依据。

The construction industry is one of the important pillar industries of the national economy, but its total number of production safety accidents ranks first among all industries, and the situation of production safety is relatively serious. Accident investigation and statistics show that human unsafe behavior is one of the most important causes of accidents, and workers' adverse emotions is an important factor in inducing human unsafe behavior. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a deeper study on its causes and the process of its action, and to intervene effectively in response to the bad moods of construction workers.

This study focuses on the adverse emotions of construction workers and explores the factors of adverse emotions, in order to reduce the unsafe behaviors of workers. Firstly, combined with the theory of affective events and the theory of emotional cognitive evaluation, the effect process of bad emotions on unsafe behaviors of construction workers was analyzed. Through accident cases, literature analysis and questionnaires, the influencing factors of adverse emotions of construction workers were identified. Then, the characteristics of the influencing factors of adverse emotions of construction workers were analyzed by the DEMATEL-ISM method, and the weights of each influencing factor were determined by DEMATEL and entropy method. Finally, combined with the principle of system dynamics, a system dynamics model of unsafe behaviors induced by adverse emotions of construction workers was constructed, the interaction between various influencing factors in the system was analyzed, and the causal diagram and system flow diagram were drawn. According to the characteristics and weight of the influencing factors of construction workers' adverse emotions, the simulation of intervention strategies was proposed, the change trend of construction workers' adverse emotions level and unsafe behavior was analyzed, the intervention effects of different intervention strategies were compared, and the improvement strategy of construction workers' adverse emotions was proposed. The results show that among the influencing factors of construction workers' bad emotions, knowledge and skill level, safety leadership, safety incentives, safety training, and interpersonal relationships induce deep causes of adverse emotions. There is a lag in the generation of unsafe behaviors of construction workers, and the corresponding intervention strategies can reduce the inducing effect of adverse emotions on unsafe behaviors of construction workers. This paper carried out a simulation study on the influencing factors of adverse emotions of construction workers and their interventions, clarified the influencing factors of bad emotions of construction workers, and reduced the negative impact of adverse emotions and the probability of unsafe behaviors of construction workers through effective intervention strategies, which provided a basis for optimizing construction safety management.