当前，我国农业相对剩余劳动力的大量存在已是公认的事实。现实的困境在于农业剩余劳动力向现代第二、三产业转移就业时，又面临农民现有人力资本与“知识经济”条件下就业岗位需求之间的矛盾。在城市郊区，由于农业用地不断萎缩，传统农业发展空间被极大压缩，农民就业通道相应窄小。与此同时，为了加快城市化，城市政府一般倾向于以户籍或身份的转变来实现农民市民化。由于这一政府主导型的农民市民化，往往缺少实际推进农民就业的配套政策，农民就业问题相当突出。西安在城市化过程中也面临同样的发展难题。因而，当前研究西安城郊农民就业问题具有重要的现实意义。 本文对国内外关于城郊农民就业的理论和实践经验进行了系统的梳理和总结，并着重介绍了国内外涉农产业发展的基本经验，分析了涉农产业的经济功能及其发展机遇。论文认为涉农产业能够连接城市核心区域和远郊农业，形成一手托两家的良性互动格局，涉农产业在解决城郊农民就业问题上的优势在于农民与涉农产业有着天然的联系，可以发挥农民现有人力资本。通过统计分析西安郊区两个行政村的调查数据，论文指出西安城郊农民就业基本状况是不充分就业和低水平就业。产生这些问题的原因包括政府政策对城郊农民就业问题重视不够，都市产业发展对城郊农民就业的吸收效应不强，涉农产业发展不足，农业合作经济组织缺乏以及城郊农民人力资本不足等。 就化解西安城郊农民就业难题的具体对策，本文指出:要通过发展涉农产业，促进产业结构转型；而为了促进涉农产业的发展，需要发展农业专业化经济组织，实现产业组织转型和农民的有组织化；政府应该充分发挥制度保障、科学引导的功能，不断消除城乡分割体制，促进劳动力自由流动。

At present, the fact that there is a large number of the relative surplus-labor in our agriculture is already generally accepted. The practical problem lies in when these people attempt to turn to the secondary or the tertiary-industry to obtain employment, they have to face the contradiction between the farmer’s existing manpower capitals and “knowledge-based economy” which demands more skillful practitioner. At the city suburban area, because the agricultural land is shrinking continuously, the traditional agriculture development space is greatly compressed, the farmer employment passage correspond narrow and small. Generally speaking，at the same time, for speeding up the urbanization, the municipal government often tend to achieve Peasant's citizenship either change their household register or the identity. Due to Urbanization of farmers is predominated by the municipal government, lack of actual assorted policy to push forward the farmer employment, the problem of the farmer with difficulties in finding jobs is more outstanding. In the process of urbanization, Xian also faces the same development challenge. So the study of the employment problem of city suburb farmer t has important practical significance in Xian. This text made a systematic summary to the theories and practiced experience come from both domestic and international which concerns the city suburb farmer employment. And emphasized to introduce the basic experience of the industries involving agriculture development at home and abroad, analyze to the economic function of the industries involving agriculture and it development opportunity. This thesis think the industries involving agriculture can link the city core district with the far suburb agriculture effectively, which can develop interactive benefit framework for both sides, and also the industries involving agriculture has its own advantages to solve the suburb farmer employment, it have natural contact with the suburb farmer, it belongs to labor intensive type, can develop existing manpower capital of farmer. Pass to statistics analytical Xian suburban area inquisitions of two administration villages, the thesis points out the basic employment condition of city suburb farmer in Xian, it is underemployment as well as low level employment. The reason that leads to these problems includes the government policy, which paid not enough attention to the city suburb farmer employment, the city industry development have light effect to absorb the city suburb farmer employment, the industries involving agriculture are underdeveloped, lack of agricultural cooperation economic organization and Existing farmer When it comes to the concrete measures to dissolve the city suburb farmer employment, this text point out: we need to develop the industries involving agriculture, promote the industrial structure transformation; for developing the industries involving agriculture, we need also develop the agriculture specialized economic organizations, carry out the industry organization transformation and form systematic farmer. In this process, the government should develop the system guarantee, the function of science leading, remove the barrier between city and country continuously, and promote free fluxion of labor force.