随着煤矿开采深度的增加，井下开挖所面临的水文地质构造条件也愈发复杂和恶劣，开采受水害的威胁也越来越严重，煤矿水害的发生往往与水在承压破碎煤岩体中的渗流息息相关。此外，采空区破碎煤岩体在采动应力和上覆岩层作用下会再次压实和破碎，导致其粒度分布与孔隙结构也随之改变，继而影响其渗流特性。因此，研究承压破碎煤岩体再破碎过程中的渗流规律是矿井水害防治的基础。

本文采用室内试验和理论分析相结合的方法，基于粒度分形理论研究了承压破碎煤岩体再破碎过程中的非线性渗流规律。采用分级加载方式开展了不同湿度破碎煤岩体的压实及蠕变试验，得到了蠕变速率、相对破碎率和粒度分形维数等试验参数，分析了不同轴向荷载下蠕变速率随时间的变化规律以及蠕变时间、轴向应力和相对湿度对粒度分形维数的影响，在粒度分形维数的增大过程中相对破碎率呈线性增加。由此可得，粒度分形维数不仅可以表示破碎煤岩体再破碎过程中的自相似特征和粒度分布特征，还可以定量表示煤岩体的破碎程度。

利用由压力机、破碎岩石渗透装置、高压水泵和计算机等组成的破碎岩石渗流试验系统，采用稳态渗透法对四种不同初始级配的破碎试样开展分级加载及渗流试验，测定了破碎试样在五级轴向荷载下的孔隙率、分形维数、渗透率和欧拉数，得到了破碎煤岩体受载再破碎过程中渗流参数的变化规律和非Darcy渗流过程中的能量耗散规律。

考虑承压破碎煤岩体渗流过程中的流固耦合作用，从质量流失角度来搭建破碎岩石变质量渗流试验平台，开展了破碎煤岩体变质量渗流试验，分析了各级配破碎煤岩体在不同轴向位移下质量流失率、孔隙率以及渗透率的时变规律，得到了伴随质量流失的破碎煤岩体渗流参数的变化规律。随着充填颗粒的流失，破碎煤岩体的孔隙率和孔隙之间的连通性大大提升，渗透性明显增强并促使渗流速度发生突变，由此可见充填颗粒从边界处的流失是造成破碎煤岩体渗流失稳的重要原因。

基于毛细管渗流假设、球形颗粒假设和连续性假设，着眼于流体和固体两个研究对象，引入分形理论来研究破碎煤岩体再破碎过程中的粒度变化规律，应用非Darcy等效渗透率的概念来表征破碎煤岩体的非Darcy渗流特性，最终以Kozeny-Carman(KC)方程为桥梁，建立了承压破碎煤岩体的粒度分形-渗流模型，并应用实验室试验所测得的数据论证了模型的准确性和合理性。

With the increase of coal mining depth, the hydrogeological structural conditions faced by underground excavation have become more complex and severe, and the threat of water damage from mining has become more and more serious. The occurrence of water damage in coal mines is often related to the pressure of water in crushing coal and rock masses. In addition, the broken coal and rock mass in the mined-out area will be compacted and broken again under the action of mining stress and the overlying rock, resulting in changes in its particle size distribution and pore structure, which will affect its seepage characteristics. Therefore, studying the seepage law in the process of crushed coal and rock mass under pressure is the basis of mine water hazard prevention.

In this paper, the method of combining laboratory test and theoretical analysis is used to study the nonlinear seepage law in the process of crushed coal and rock mass under pressure based on the particle size fractal theory. The compaction and creep tests of broken coal and rock masses with different humidity were carried out using the stepped loading method, and the test parameters such as creep rate, relative broken rate and particle size fractal dimension were obtained, and the creep rate with time under different axial loads was analyzed The change law of the particle size and the influence of creep time, axial stress and relative humidity on the particle size fractal dimension, the relative crushing rate increases linearly during the increase of the particle size fractal dimension. It can be obtained that the particle size fractal dimension can not only express the self-similar characteristics and particle size distribution characteristics of the crushed coal and rock mass during the re-crushing process, but also quantitatively indicate the degree of crushing of the coal and rock mass.

Using a broken rock seepage test system composed of a press, broken rock infiltration device, high-pressure water pump and computer, the steady-state infiltration method was used to carry out graded loading and seepage tests on four broken samples with different initial gradations, and the breaking test was determined. Sample the porosity, fractal dimension, permeability and Euler number under the five-level axial load, and obtain the change law of seepage parameters in the process of crushed coal and rock mass under load and re-crushing and the energy dissipation in the process of non-Darcy seepage. law.

Considering the fluid-solid coupling effect in the seepage process of crushed coal and rock mass under pressure, a test platform for variable mass seepage in broken rock was built from the perspective of mass loss, and a variable mass seepage test in broken coal and rock mass was carried out, and various levels of broken coal and rock masses were analyzed. The time-varying law of mass loss rate, porosity and permeability under different axial displacements, the change law of seepage parameters of broken coal and rock mass with mass loss is obtained. With the loss of the filling particles, the porosity of the broken coal and rock mass and the connectivity between the pores are greatly improved, the permeability is obviously enhanced, and the seepage velocity is suddenly changed. It can be seen that the loss of the filling particles from the boundary is caused by the broken coal and rock. An important reason for the stability of body leakage.

Based on the capillary seepage hypothesis, spherical particle hypothesis and continuity hypothesis, focusing on the two research objects of fluid and solid, introducing fractal theory to study the particle size change law during the re-crushing process of crushed coal and rock mass, and applying the concept of non-Darcy equivalent permeability To characterize the non-Darcy seepage characteristics of broken coal and rock mass, and finally use Kozeny-Carman (KC) equation as a bridge to establish a particle size fractal-seepage model of crushed coal and rock mass under pressure, and use the data obtained from laboratory tests to demonstrate The accuracy and rationality of the model.

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