本课题作为陕西省科技攻关项目（2003K06G19）“智能电缆故障预测与定位装置的研制”的一部分，主要研究基于PCI总线的数据采集技术在电缆故障测距中的应用，完成对电缆运行中行波信号的采集、传输、存储。现代电缆故障测距系统主要是通过对故障发生后线路出现的电流和电压行波的采样值进行分析，确定故障行波到达测量点的准确时刻算出行波经过的距离，从而实现故障点的定位。随着计算机、微电子、通信技术的发展，同时虚拟仪器的出现和兴起，也改变了传统仪器的概念、模式和结构。虚拟仪器以LabVIEW作为开发平台，而数据采集与控制作为LabVIEW最核心的技术而得到广泛应用。这些技术使电缆暂态行波信号的采集和处理手段日益成熟。 本文首先对电缆行波测距的方法进行了分析、总结，归纳出了在电力系统中各种场合可能产生的故障行波信号特征，为了能够较好的再现原始信号不产生波形失真，根据行波特性开发了一种基于PCI总线、采样频率高达35MHz的高速数据采集系统。PCI(peripheral component interconnect)总线具有高于以往传统系统总线的传输速率，而且以每秒高达133MBPS的数据吞吐量有效克服了传统总线进行高速数据传输时的瓶颈现象，从而使数据的实时高速采集和传输成为可能。 文中详细介绍了数据采集系统总体模块构成、PCI总线协议及电气规则，在此基础上给出了各个模块的设计方案。主要完成了采集系统前端信号的调理、核心硬件数据采集卡设计与开发,完成采集卡核心控制单元FPGA采集、编码、DMA传输和PCI状态机的VHDL程序编写。并完成基于DLL库的LabVIEW上层软件接口开发。着重分析了接口芯片PCI9054的数据传输方式，完成与上位机的数据传输与存储。最后对采集系统进行了测试，测试证明系统设计可行，系统运行基本稳定，但实际运行中还存在一些不足，同时对系统的性能缺陷和技术需求提出了进一步改进建议。为电缆故障在线诊断装置的数据获取提供了相应的解决方案。

As a part of the key project of the Science and technology in Shanxi Province，the intelligent fault prediction and location of power cable, the main task of this paper is the data acquisition technology applied in the online power cable fault diagnosis system based on the PCI bus. That is to implement the acquisition, transmission, storage of traveling wave signal. The system tries to find the fault point by analysing the value of sample current and voltage and calculating the exact time of fault traveling wave arriving the test points. With the development of computer, microelectronics, communication technology, the emergence of virtual machines has changed the traditional equipment of concept model and structure. As the development platform of virtual instrument, LabVIEW is widely used as the core technology in the system of data acquisition and control system. The online acquisition of transient traveling wave signals and the processing of power system have become possible by using the technologies. Firstly, the cable fault diagnosis methods are analysised and summarized, and the characteristics of traveling wave signal are given. In order to playback the original signals and avoid the wave distortion, a high-speed data acquisition system is designed by using the PCI bus based on the characteristics of traveling wave. The sampling frequency is up to 35MHz. PCI(peripheral component interconnect)bus transmission rate is higher than the traditional system bus transfer rate. The transfer speed of 133MB per second effectively overcomes the bottleneck situation of the traditional bus’s highspeed data transfer. This makes the data acquisition and transmission with highspeed and realtime possible. The function and technic of dada acquisition system was put forward based on all module of the composition of data acquisition system and PCI bus protocol and electrical rules. The task includes the front signal conditioning, the core hardware of data acquisition card and development, collection, coding, DMA transfer and designing the Program of VHDL language through the PCI State machine. The system completes the software interface development of LabVIEW based on DLL library, simultaneously, analyses the data transmission of the PCI9054 interface chip, and completes the data transfer, and storages in the host computer. Finally, the acquisition system is tested. The experiment proves that system is feasible and stabe. However, there is still some deficiency in the the system in the actual motion. Also, some suggestions about how to improve the performance of the system are given. This paper provides a solution for data acquisition of intelligent fault prediction and location of the power cable.