摘 要 环氧大豆油作为环保、稳定、可生物降解的增塑剂，是国际公认的绿色增塑剂。环氧大豆油主要用作聚氯乙烯增塑剂，对光、热有良好的稳定作用,且相容性好、挥发性低、迁移性小，同时还具有无毒、稳定性好的特点,特别应用于食品及医药包装材料。目前非溶剂法生产环氧大豆油是在催化剂作用下，甲酸或乙酸与过氧化氢反应生成环氧化剂，然后环氧化剂与大豆油反应得到产品。该反应过程存在着反应稳定性差、成品环氧值较低、产品色泽深、设备腐蚀和污染严重等缺点。本实验采用固体催化剂、双氧水作为氧化剂，通过界面催化氧化反应制备环氧大豆油，后处理简单，只需水洗即可进行两相分离。其中，制备高效、稳定、廉价的催化剂是该实验的关键环节。因此，本文旨在制备出一种新型的固体催化剂，通过对不同催化剂催化效果的对比以及催化剂制备条件的研究，将其应用于合成环氧大豆油，考察了生产环氧大豆油的各工艺参数对最终产品环氧值的影响，并对界面催化反应机理进行了讨论。 　　　首先，采用浸渍法制备了MoO3/滑石粉催化剂，以最终产品的环氧值为指标，考察了Mo负载量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等因素对催化剂的催化活性和稳定性的影响，采用一些结构表征方法来探讨其影响之原因。通过实验，确定出MoO3/滑石粉催化剂的最佳制备条件为：Mo负载量为20%，焙烧温度为400℃，焙烧时间为4h。 　　　然后，采用自制的MoO3/滑石粉催化剂进行环氧大豆油的合成实验，其中原料配比、反应温度、反应时间等因素都会影响最终产品的质量，实验室条件下最佳工艺参数为：反应温度T=65℃，反应时间为8h，原料配比m（大豆油）：m（双氧水）：m（催化剂）：m（甲酸）=1:2:0.004:0.14，搅拌速率为480r/min，减压蒸馏真空度为0.09Mpa、温度为110℃。

ABSTRACT Epoxy Soybean Oil(ESO) as environmental,biologic degradative and steady plasticizer is an internationally recognized green plasticizing agent.ESO is a promising plasticizer for PVC,due to its good compatibility,light and heat stability, low volatile and migratory.Meanwhile it also has non-toxic and good stability for the food and pharmaceutical packaging materials. At present,ESO is produced by a non-solvent route with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant and formic acid or acetic acid as catalyst.This route has disadvantages such as the low reaction stability and epoxy value of products, deep color of products, equipment corrosion and environmental pollution. Here，we report a new interfacial catalytic synthesis method for preparing ESO by using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and solid catalyst. This route has advantages such as the simple reprocessing, just washing can separate two-phase. The key of this route is preparation of a effective, cheap and steady catalyst. Therefore, this paper aims to prepare a new solid catalyst for synthesizing ESO, study the catalytic effect of different catalysts. The effect of the reaction conditions on the epoxy value was investigated. The interfacial catalytic reaction mechanism was discussed. First, the catalyst of MoO3/French chalk was prepared by impregnating.The effect of the factors on catalytic activity and stability was investigated according to the epoxy value of products, including the Mo capacity, calcination temperature, calcination time.The reason was discussed by structure characterization.The best catalyst preparation condition was obtained: the Mo capacity is 20%, calcination temperature is 400℃ and calcination time is 4h. The catalyst of MoO3/French chalk was used to synthesize ESO. The effect of the reaction temperature, the volume ratio of soybean oil to hydrogen peroxide, the amount of catalysts, and reaction time on the epoxy value of products was investigated. The optimal reaction conditions was determined: reaction temperature was 65℃, reaction time was 8h, the volume ratio of soybean oil to hydrogen peroxide was1:2, the amount of catalysts was 1.4g, stirring speed was 480r/min and decompressing distillation temperature was 110℃.The degree of vacuum was 0.09Mpa.