本论文以三种烟煤煤样为主要研究对象，对原煤样与水浸干燥煤样的微观化学结构变化、氧化自燃过程中特征温度和活化能变化进行研究，探究水浸过程对煤自燃倾向性的影响。 利用FTIR仪对柴家沟、顾北和王洼三种煤样的0.45-0.28mm、0.28-0.2mm、0.2-0.125mm三种粒径、0、150、180、210和240五种浸泡天数进行分析得出，煤样随着浸泡时间的增加，分子内羟基含量有着较为明显的增加，脂肪烃含量略有增加，而羰基、芳环、醚、羧基等官能团无明显改变。 利用XPS仪对粒径为0.28-0.2mm的柴家沟、顾北和王洼原煤样和不同水浸时间的干燥煤样进行了实验研究，得出所有煤样中绝大部分为C、N、O、S等元素，其中C原子占比随浸泡时间的增加而减少，而O原子占比则呈相反规律变化。 利用同步热分析仪对王洼五种浸泡时间的煤样进行实验研究，水浸作用对煤样的活性温度T3和增速温度T4影响较大，而对于其它特征温度点的温度变化影响较小。随着煤样浸泡时间的增加，T2-T7的特征温度均有所降低。浸泡后煤样中的-OH的相对含量有所增加，-OH含量的升高削弱了苯环与侧链相连接的C-C键能，使得侧链结构活性提高，在一定程度上促进降低了煤样达到动态平衡的温度。根据TG数据计算了四个阶段的活化能E与指前因子A，水分蒸发及脱附阶段与燃烧阶段的反应活化能原样均比浸泡后的煤样要高，受热分解阶段的反应活化能呈现相反的规律。 通过对王洼五种浸泡时间煤样的DSC及其积分曲线分析得出，水浸作用对煤样的吸热量最大值温度Tf1、平衡点温度Tb、总吸热量S1这三个参数影响较小，对于放热量最大点温度Tf2和总放热量S2有着较为明显的影响。Tf2的逐步降低直接导致煤样更易于发生氧化反应，从而煤体更易于燃烧。

This paper uses three kinds of bituminous coal which soaked by water and dried as the research object, to study the change of chemical structure, characteristic temperature and activation energy in the process of oxidation spontaneous combustion of the raw coal samples and soaked bituminous coal by combining the theoretical analysis and the experiment. The influence of the water on the spontaneous combustion of coal was investigated. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the function group of three kinds of coal samples with three particle sizes and five kinds of soaking days. With the increasing of soaking time, the content of the intramolecular hydroxyl group increased obviously, the content of fatty hydrocarbons increases slightly. But the functional groups such as carbonyl, aromatic ring, ether and carboxyl group have no obvious change. The X ray photoelectron spectrometer was used to study the law of changes in surface molecular structure and atomic valence state of different water immersion time of three kinds of raw coal samples and soaked bituminous coal with a particle size of 60-80. C, N, O, S and other elements are mainly included in five kinds of soaking time coal samples. The relative content of C atoms decreased with the increasing of soaking time, while the relative content of O atoms changes in the opposite order. The analysis of TG and DTG curves of coal samples of five kinds of soaking time of Wangwa can be found that the effect of water immersion is mainly on the active temperature T3 and the growth temperature T4. Temperature changes on other characteristic temperature points has a less effect. As the soaking time of the coal sample increasing, characteristic temperature of T2-T7 was all reduced. After soaking, the relative content of -OH in coal samples has increased. The increasing of the content of -OH weakens the C-C bond energy which linked between the benzene ring and the side chain, improving the activity of side chain structure. To a certain extent, the temperature of the coal sample is reduced to the dynamic equilibrium. The activation energy E and the pre finger factor A were calculated in four stages. The activation energy of the evaporation and desorption stage of water and combustion stage of the soaked coal was higher than raw coal, and the reaction activation energy in the phase of thermal decomposition showed the opposite rule. Through the analysis of the DSC and its integral curve of coal samples with five kinds of soaking time by Wangwa, The effect of water immersion on the three parameters has less effect, such as the maximum heat absorption temperature Tf1, the equilibrium point temperature Tb and the total heat absorption S1 of the coal sample. It has a significant influence on the maximum heat release temperature Tf2 and the total heat release S2. The maximum temperature Tf2 of coal oxidation reaction gradually decreases, which makes coal samples easier to oxidize, and coal is easier to burn.