如今，人们越来越重视研究心理因素与不安全行为之间的关系，尤其是恐慌心理对疏散行为的影响。在矿井突发灾害下矿工恐慌心理对疏散行为会产生较大影响，恐慌不仅会影响疏散过程中矿工的判断和行为，甚至可能会造成更严重的非必要伤亡。研究矿井突发火灾下矿工的恐慌心理对疏散行为的影响，对减少矿工伤亡，增加逃生机率具有重要意义。

本文首先分析了恐慌心理的概念和疏散行为的特性，其次设计了一套问卷以针对性调查矿工恐慌心理对疏散行为的影响。使用SPSS、Origin对矿工的个体特征，包括教育背景、年龄、工龄等基础信息进行分析，确定数据可靠性，分析不同维度下对疏散行为的差异性影响，并基于Amos构建矿工恐慌心理对疏散行为影响的结构方程模型，来验证假设结果，且进行模型修正，使其与真实数据吻合的更好。最后，在此基础上，对矿工恐慌心理的控制对策进行了设计。

研究表明：在矿井突发火灾的情况下，井下作业人员的恐慌心理与疏散行为受多方面影响，不同工龄，不同教育背景所选择的疏散行为以及恐慌程度都不同。教育程度高、工龄长的矿工经验丰富且有一定的知识储备，会对疏散过程中产生积极影响；在结构方程模型中，数据的信度=0.892＞0.8、效度KMO＞0.8，说明数据可靠且有良好的结构效度，模型的拟合优度结果c²自由度比=1.129<2.00，拟合结果良好，得到模型假设结果为风险性信息、群体环境因素、应急演练程度以及矿井火灾因素均对恐慌情绪有积极影响；风险性信息、群体环境以及恐慌情绪对不安全疏散行为有正向影响。根据效应分解得出各个维度对不安全疏散行为有两个方面，一方面是直接影响不安全疏散行为，另一方面是通过恐慌情绪间接影响不安全疏散行为。最后，基于研究分析结果及3E理论提出干预对策措施。

Nowadays, more and more attention is paid to studying the relationship between psychological factors and unsafe behavior, especially the influence of panic psychology on evacuation behavior. Under the sudden disaster of mines, miners' panic will have a greater impact on evacuation behavior, and panic will not only affect the judgment and behavior of miners during evacuation, but may even cause more serious unnecessary casualties. It is of great significance to study the influence of miners' panic on evacuation behavior under sudden mine fires, which is of great significance to reduce miners' casualties and increase the probability of escape.

This paper first analyzes the concept of panic psychology and the characteristics of evacuation behavior, and secondly, a set of questionnaires is designed to investigate the influence of miners' panic psychology on evacuation behavior. SPSS and Origin are used to analyze the individual characteristics of miners, including basic information such as education background, age, and seniority, determine data reliability, analyze the differential impact of different dimensions on evacuation behavior, and construct a structural equation model of the impact of miners' panic on evacuation behavior based on Amos to verify the hypothesis results, and modify the model to make it better consistent with real data. Finally, on this basis, the control countermeasures of miners' panic psychology are designed.

The results show that in the case of sudden fire in mines, the panic psychology and evacuation behavior of underground workers are affected by many aspects, and the evacuation behavior and panic degree chosen by different working years and educational backgrounds are different. Highly educated and long-term miners are experienced and have a certain knowledge reserve, which will have a positive impact on the evacuation process; In the structural equation model, the reliability of the data = 0.892>0.8 and the validity KMO>0.8 indicate that the data are reliable and have good structural validity, and the goodness-of-fit result of the model is 2 degrees of freedom ratio = 1.129 <2.00, the fitting results were good, and the model hypothesized that risk information, group environmental factors, emergency drill degree and mine fire factors all had positive effects on panic. Risk information, group settings, and panic have a positive impact on unsafe evacuation behavior. According to the decomposition of the effect, there are two aspects of unsafe evacuation behavior in each dimension, on the one hand, it directly affects unsafe evacuation behavior, and on the other hand, it indirectly affects unsafe evacuation behavior through panic. Finally, based on the research analysis results and the 3E theory, intervention countermeasures are proposed.

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