我国以煤炭为主的能源消费结构在短期内难以改变，煤炭企业的绿色、高效、安全生产将直接关系到我国国民经济的高速发展。随着社会发展、技术进步，煤炭从业人员的安全意识日益提升、煤矿安全生产状况不断改善，但安全事故仍时有发生。煤矿采掘工程水文地质环境复杂、不确定因素多；各类重型机械大量布置于狭小作业空间内，加之复杂的施工工艺与密集的工人数量，各种因素耦合叠加，极大地增加了安全风险管控的难度。采掘工程是煤矿安全生产的重难点。构建安全评价模型，对煤矿采掘工程进行安全评价工作，使安全管理工作实现“关口前移”，从源头上防范化解相关风险，提升本质安全水平，具有重大的现实意义。

       本文以园子沟煤矿采掘工程作为研究对象，在阐述国内外研究现状及相关理论的基础上，基于园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全现状，分析了采掘工程安全评价指标，确定了人员的因素、设备的因素、环境的因素、管理的因素4个一级、35个二级因素，在此基础上形成了园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全评价初选指标；邀请了30位专家打分评价，最终得到了确定的园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全评价指标体系，包含4个二级指标和30个三级指标；建立层次结构模型、构造模糊判断矩阵，确定了评价指标权重，构建了基于AHP的模糊综合评价法的园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全评价模型；以园子沟煤矿1032101综采工作面为例，应用安全评价模型，评价其安全水平，得出园子沟煤矿1032101综采工作面安全水平处于中等水平，人员安全和管理安全属于问题较严重水平，环境安全对整体影响较小，设备安全属于中等水平；根据评价结果从井下采掘工作管理、人员安全培训、设施设备优化等方面制定了针对性管控措施，以确保园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全高效的生产。

       本文构建的园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全评价模型，定量化的给出园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全水平，为企业准确掌握自身安全生产状况提供了一个有效手段。本文的研究有利于提升园子沟煤矿采掘工程安全管理水平，也为其他煤矿企业提供有益的参考，有助于国内煤矿安全生产水平的提升。

    China's energy consumption structure dominated by coal is unlikely to change in the short term. The green, efficient and safe production of coal enterprises will directly affect the rapid development of the country's national economy. With the development of society and technological progress, the safety awareness of coal industry workers has been continuously enhanced and the safety situation in coal mines has been constantly improving. However, safety accidents still occur from time to time. The hydrogeological environment of coal mining and excavation projects is complex and full of uncertainties. A large number of heavy machinery are placed in a narrow working space, coupled with complex construction techniques and a large number of workers, all these factors interact and superimpose, greatly increasing the difficulty of safety risk management. Coal mining and excavation projects are the key and difficult points of coal mine safety production. Constructing a safety evaluation model to conduct safety evaluation on coal mining and excavation projects can move the safety management "forward", prevent and defuse related risks from the source, and improve the intrinsic safety level, which has significant practical significance.

    This paper takes the mining and excavation engineering of Yuanzigou Coal Mine as the research object. Based on the current research status at home and abroad and related theories, and considering the safety status of the mining and excavation engineering of Yuanzigou Coal Mine, the safety evaluation indicators of the mining and excavation engineering are analyzed. Four first-level factors, namely personnel factors, equipment factors, environmental factors, and management factors, and 35 second-level factors are determined. On this basis, the initial safety evaluation indicators of the mining and excavation engineering of Yuanzigou Coal Mine are formed. 30 experts are invited to score and evaluate, and finally the safety evaluation index system of the mining and excavation engineering of Yuanzigou Coal Mine is determined, which includes 4 second-level indicators and 30 third-level indicators. A hierarchical structure model is established, a fuzzy judgment matrix is constructed, the weights of the evaluation indicators are determined, and a safety evaluation model of the mining and excavation engineering of Yuanzigou Coal Mine based on AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is constructed. Taking the 1032101 fully mechanized mining face of Yuanzigou Coal Mine as an example, the safety evaluation model is applied to evaluate its safety level. The result shows that the safety level of the 1032101 fully mechanized mining face of Yuanzigou Coal Mine is at a medium level, the safety of personnel and management is at a relatively serious problem level, the environmental safety has a relatively small impact on the overall situation, and the equipment safety is at a medium level. According to the evaluation results, targeted control measures are formulated from aspects such as underground mining and excavation work management, personnel safety training, and facility and equipment optimization to ensure the safe and efficient production of the mining and excavation engineering of Yuanzigou Coal Mine.

    The safety evaluation model of mining and excavation engineering for Yuanzigou Coal Mine constructed in this paper quantitatively presents the safety level of mining and excavation engineering in Yuanzigou Coal Mine, providing an effective means for the enterprise to accurately grasp its own safety production situation. The research in this paper is conducive to improving the safety management level of mining and excavation engineering in Yuanzigou Coal Mine, and also provides a beneficial reference for other coal mining enterprises, which is helpful to enhance the safety production level of domestic coal mines.

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