随着城市地下空间的开发利用和高层建筑的大量建设,产生了大量深基坑工程，其规模和开挖深度都在不断增加。许多深基坑工程位于密集的建筑群中， 紧邻已有建筑物或构筑物的基础，基坑的开挖与支护不仅关系到基坑本身的安全，也对相邻建筑物产生影响。目前，许多学者和工程技术人员已经在基坑工程对周围环境 影响的作了许多研究，但对基坑开挖过程中支护结构的变形、周围地表位移和邻近建筑物变形三者之间关系的研究，还存在许多需要解决的问题。本文以西安地区典型工 程地质条件下常用的排桩加土钉的基坑支护形式为例，采用数值模拟的方法，分析了与基坑相邻的某框架结构建筑物，在与基坑不同距离的情况下，基坑开挖引起的支护 结构变形、地表位移以及框架结构的变形和内力变化规律。论文在总结前人研究成果的基础上，对深基坑支护设计的理论与方法、支护体系的稳定性分析、基坑开挖引起 的地表沉降计算等进行了总结；将基坑、坑边土体和相邻建筑物作为一个整体系统，运用三维有限差分软件FLAC3D，分析了深基坑开挖过程中支护结构、坑周土体以及相 邻建筑物基础的变形规律；运用ANSYS软件，计算分析了框架结构在基坑开挖前后的内力变化规律，研究了基坑开挖对相邻建筑物的影响；在此基础上， 对类似的深基坑工程的支护设计与安全评价提出了一些建议，可供现场施工参考。

With the exploitation of underground space and great constructions of high-rise buildings in urban, a large number of deep foundation excavations have appeared, and its scale and depth increase constantly. Many of them are surrounded with dense buildings, which are close to the foundations of existent buildings or structures, so the excavation and support of foundation not only relate to the safety of the foundation, but also yield to impact on adjacent buildings. At present, many scholars, engineers and technicians have already worked a lot in the influences of surrounding environment caused by deep excavations, however, many problems remain not to be solved in correlation among the deformation of the support structures, surface deformation around the excavations and the influence of adjacent structures.Taking the example of the typical geological conditions of Xi'an, the deep foundation excavation is simulated and analyzed by chosen solider piles with soil nailing as the support system in this paper. The deformation of the support structures, soil deformation and the deformation and the inner force of adjacent structures were simulated and analyzed using method of numerical simulation, when the distance between adjacent building and deep foundation is varied.On the basis of the predecessors’ studies in this paper, the theories and methods of support design, stability analysis of support system, surface settlement caused by deep foundation excavation are concluded in this paper. It referred the deep foundation excavations, the soil around the excavation and the adjacent building as an integrated system and analyzed the regularity for change of the support structures, the soil around the excavation and adjacent buildings by using FLAC3D .It simulated and analyzed the inner force change of frame structure caused by the deep excavation and the effects of the excavation to the adjacent building by using ANSYS. On the basis, the research result provides a reference for actual engineering design and construction in this paper.