巷道作为煤矿开采的必要通道，其畅通与稳定是煤矿安全、高效开采的保障。由于巷道围岩条件的复杂性与支护方案选取的局限性，很多煤矿在支护方案的选取中存在一定的不合理支护现象。本文以神府矿区郭家湾煤矿51103工作面回采巷道为研究对象，通过现场调研、实验室试验、理论分析和数值模拟等方法，根据不同锚杆材料的选取，提出两套巷道的支护优化方案，再通过对比选取最佳优化支护方案，最后进行现场监测，验证优化方案的合理性以及巷道的围岩变形情况。本文主要研究以下内容： （1）通过实地调研、采集和分析地质资料，了解5号煤层具体赋存特征、回采巷道断面特征，并通过实验室测试煤层、顶板、底板的物理力学参数。 （2）根据松动圈测试和钻孔窥视结果，结合巷道实际情况，测试并分析51103工作面顶板和巷道两帮围岩松动圈范围，确定巷道两帮应该加强支护。 （3）根据锚杆材料不同制定了两套巷道优化支护方案。通过对比得出郭家湾煤矿采区支护优化方案：顶板锚杆使用Φ18×1800mm的左旋无纵筋锚杆，间排距为1200×1200mm，煤壁锚杆使用Φ16×1700mm的玻璃钢锚杆，间排距为1200×1200mm，煤柱锚杆使用Φ16×1700mm的左旋无纵筋锚杆，间排距为1200×1200mm。 （4）现场监测结果显示：在回采过程中，当距离小于20m时，顶板开始发生下沉，回采过程中，巷道顶板最大离层为4mm，说明使用优化方案后巷道变形破坏量很小，该方案支护效果良好，能够满足巷道的支护条件。 （5）左旋无纵筋优化支护设计方案相较于原支护方案降低了巷道的支护强度，充分利用围岩自身承载能力，使得支护更加经济合理 本文的研究既一定程度上解决了51103工作面巷道过度支护问题，5号煤层的支护提供了较为准确的支护方案，通过理论分析、数值模拟确定51103工作面巷道两帮加强支护才能保证巷道的整体稳定性，为矿井后续高产高效生产有着重要意义，同时也为类似地质条件下的巷道支护提供了一个成功的工程类比方案。

As the necessary passage of coal mining, the smooth and stable roadway is the guarantee of safe and efficient coal mining.Due to the complexity of surrounding rock conditions and the limitation of supporting scheme selection, many coal mines have some unreasonable supporting schemes.Guo home bay in many mining area coal mine 51103 mining face roadway as the research object, through field investigation, laboratory test and theoretical analysis and numerical simulation method, according to the selection of different bolt material, put forward two sets of roadway support optimization scheme, by contrast to choose the best optimization support scheme, the final on-site monitoring, verify the rationality of the optimization as well as the deformation of surrounding rock of the roadway.This paper mainly studies the following contents: (1) through field research, collection and analysis of geological data, understand the specific occurrence characteristics of no.5 coal seam and the section characteristics of mining roadway, and test the physical and mechanical parameters of coal seam, roof and floor in the laboratory. (2) according to the loose ring test and drilling peep results, combined with the actual situation of the roadway, test and analyze the loose ring range of the roof of 51103 working face and the surrounding rock of the roadway and determine that the support of the roadway should be strengthened. (3) two sets of roadway optimization support schemes were developed according to different bolt materials.Conclusion by comparing guo wan optimization scheme of coal mining area, roof bolt use Φ 18 x 1800 mm sinistral without longitudinal reinforcement anchoring bolt, between row spacing is 1200 x 1200 mm, the coal wall anchor used Φ 16 x 1700 mm of glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod, between row spacing is 1200 x 1200 mm, bolt use coal pillar Φ 16 x 1700 mm sinistral without longitudinal reinforcement anchoring bolt, between row spacing is 1200 x 1200 mm. (4) on-site monitoring results show that, in the process of stoping, when the distance is less than 20m, the roof begins to subsidence. In the process of stoping, the maximum separation layer of the roadway roof is 4mm, which indicates that the roadway deformation and failure amount is very small after the use of the optimization plan, which has a good support effect and can meet the support conditions of the roadway. (5) compared with the original support plan, the optimized support design of left-handed longitudinal rib reduces the support intensity of roadway, and makes full use of the bearing capacity of surrounding rock, making the support more economical and reasonable Research of this paper is to some extent, can solve the problem of excessive support of roadway of 51103 working face, coal seam 5 support provides a more accurate solution, determined by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation of 51103 face roadway two help strengthen support to ensure the overall stability of roadway, the subsequent high yield and high efficiency production has important significance for mine, but also for the similar geological conditions of roadway support provides a successful engineering analogy.