随着矿井开采深度的增加，深井热害治理已成为矿井安全开采的关键问题。为掌握深部矿井在载/蓄冷功能性充填降温技术作用下的降温特性，本文利用相似模拟理论构建了井下采场降温模型，探讨了考虑矿井通风和载/蓄冷功能性充填综合作用下的采场温度变化规律，并基于温度场分布特征，以热舒适作为降温效果的评判标准，对矿井采场的热舒适性进行了讨论。

针对采场复杂热环境下的降温特性问题，基于相似理论，对采场内的空气流动进行了无量纲化分析，选定阿基米德数作为相似准则数，并根据实际条件，确定了相似比例尺，建立了矿井的缩尺模型，搭建了相似实验平台，通过实验研究和CFD数值模拟，研究了不同充填方式和送风情况对采场温度分布的影响规律。通过研究发现，仅采用矿井通风往往不能满足深部矿井规定的降温要求，而在通风环境下采用载/蓄冷功能性充填降温技术则能够有效调节采场温度，降温效果排序为：下向充填降温>上向充填降温>传统通风降温。采场通风速度越大，对充填降温效果的不利影响就越大；此外，通风会使采场内的温度分布不均匀，水平方向上的温度变化满足logistic方程。

针对采场热舒适问题，在对温度研究的基础上，选取了标准有效温度（SET）作为载/蓄冷功能性充填降温过程中热舒适性的评价指标，进行了采场热舒适的相关研究。基于Gagge二节点模型，借助MATLAB编程软件，采用有限差分法编写了人体皮肤温度的计算程序，再用牛顿迭代法推导出了SET的计算程序。通过实际的案例研究，验证了SET计算程序的正确性，进而利用计算程序，对热舒适的主要影响因素进行了分析和讨论。研究发现，在矿井热湿环境下，热舒适与空气温度、相对湿度、人体代谢率呈负相关，与空气流速呈正相关；在各种环境因素中，空气温度对于矿井热舒适的影响程度最大；无论是从采场整体还是从不同高度位置的舒适性来看，下向充填降温的舒适性都优于上向充填降温；综合考虑降温效果、制冷成本等因素，在满足基本热舒适要求的情况下，充填料浆中冰与水的比例可设定为6:4。

本文所应用的相似理论模型，经过了模拟与实验的对照验证，可为同类研究提供参考；另外，研究结果也为载/蓄冷功能性充填降温技术在矿井中的应用提供了依据，为矿井热环境的调节提供了理论参考。

With the increase of mining depth, heat hazard control in deep mine has become the key problem of mine safety mining. In order to grasp the cooling characteristics of deep mines under the action of cold load/storage functional backfill cooling technology,, this paper constructs a cooling model of underground stope by using similarity simulation theory, and discusses the temperature variation law of stope under the combined action of mine ventilation and cold load/storage functional backfill. Based on the distribution characteristics of temperature field, the thermal comfort of mine stope is discussed with thermal comfort as the evaluation standard of cooling effect.

Aiming at the problem of cooling characteristics in the complex thermal environment of the stope, based on the similarity theory, the dimensionless analysis of the air flow in the stope is carried out, and the Archimedes number is selected as the similarity criterion number. According to the actual conditions, the similar scale is determined, the scale model of the mine is established, and the similar experimental platform is built. Through experimental research and CFD numerical simulation, the influence of different backfill methods and air supply conditions on the temperature distribution of the stope is studied. Through research, it is found that only using mine ventilation often cannot meet the cooling requirements specified in deep mines, while using cold load/storage functional backfill cooling technology in the ventilation environment can effectively regulate the temperature of the stope, and the cooling effect is sorted as follows : downward backfill cooling > upward backfill cooling > traditional ventilation cooling. The greater the ventilation speed of the stope, the greater the adverse effect on backfill cooling effect. In addition, ventilation makes the temperature distribution in the stope uneven, and the temperature change in the horizontal direction satisfies the logistic equation.

Aiming at the problem of stope thermal comfort, based on the study of temperature, the standard effective temperature (SET) is selected as the evaluation index of thermal comfort in the cooling process of cold load/storage functional backfill, and the related research of stope thermal comfort is carried out. Based on the Gagge two-node model, with the help of MATLAB programming software, the calculation program of human skin temperature is written by finite difference method, and the calculation program of SET is derived by Newton iteration method. Through the actual case study, the correctness of the SET calculation program is verified, and then the main influencing factors of thermal comfort are analyzed and discussed by using the calculation program. It is found that in the hot and humid environment of the mine, thermal comfort is negatively correlated with air temperature, relative humidity and human metabolic rate, and positively correlated with air velocity. Among various environmental factors, air temperature has the greatest influence on mine thermal comfort. Whether from the comfort of the whole stope or from different height positions, the comfort of downward backfill cooling is better than that of upward backfill cooling. Considering the cooling effect, refrigeration cost and other factors, the ratio of ice to water in the backfill slurry can be set to 6:4 under the condition of meeting the basic thermal comfort requirements.

The similarity theory model applied in this paper has been verified by comparison between simulation and experiment, which can provide reference for similar research. In addition, the research results also provide a basis for the application of cold load/storage functional backfill cooling technology in the mine, and provide a theoretical reference for the regulation of mine thermal environment.