紫外光固化技术是21世纪备受欢迎的绿色新技术。按固化机理可分为：自由基固化体系、阳离子固化体系、和自由基-阳离子混杂固化体系。混杂体系兼具自由基与阳离子体系的优点，优劣互补，表现出优良的协同效应。

本文在优化自由基固化体系配方的基础上，与阳离子固化体系进行混杂，以降低固化收缩率、改善力学性能、提高热稳定性，然后采用苯乙烯-马来酸酐（SMA）对环氧大豆油（ESO）进行改性，将改性ESO加入到阳离子体系中，再与自由基体系进行混杂，进一步提高材料力学性能及热稳定性等。主要研究内容及结果如下：

（1）通过优化预聚物含量、稀释剂和光引发剂复配比例及用量获得自由基光固化体系的最佳配方：60%环氧丙烯酸酯（EA），35%复合稀释剂（TPGDA: HDDA=8:2, 质量比），4.5%复合光引发剂（184: TPO=4:6，质量比）时，固化膜拉伸强度为30.42 MPa，断裂伸长率为14.5%，冲击强度为2.41 kJ/m²，为脆性断裂，热稳定性能好。

（2）在优化自由基光固化体系配方的基础上，加入环氧树脂E-51作为阳离子预聚物，研究混杂体系配方与性能。研究结果表明：阳离子光引发剂用量为4%、EA与E-51质量比为6:4，后固化温度为80℃，固化4 h时，树脂综合性能最佳。与自由基光固化树脂相比，断裂伸长率下降了6.2%，拉伸强度、冲击强度分别增加了27.53%和140%，收缩率减小了60%。韧性得到增强，热稳定性有所提高。

（3）选用SMA对ESO进行改性，将SMA-ESO与E-51混合制备阳离子光固化体系，再与自由基体系混杂，得到改性的混杂体系。当ESO与SMA质量比为6:4，SMA-ESO与E-51质量比为5:5时，综合性能最佳，拉伸强度为22.3 MPa、断裂伸长率为36.4%、冲击强度为15.4 kJ/m²，硬度为85.6 HA，与改性前比，断裂伸长率、冲击强度、拉伸强度分别提高了180.8%、143.4%、17.4%，且热稳定性也有所提升。

UV curing technology is a popular green new technology in the 21st century. According to the curing mechanism, it can be divided into: free radical curing system, cationic curing system, and free radical-cationic hybrid curing system. The hybrid system combines the advantages of free radical and cationic systems, complementing each other and exhibiting excellent synergistic effects.

In this paper, on the basis of optimizing the formula of free radical curing system, it was mixed with cationic curing system to reduce the curing shrinkage, improve the mechanical properties of the cured product, and improve the thermal stability. Then, styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) was used to modify epoxy Soybean oil (ESO). The modified ESO was added to the cationic system, and then mixed with the free radical system to further improve the mechanical properties and thermal stability of strength of materials. The main research contents and results are as follows:

By optimizing the prepolymer content, diluent and photoinitiator compound ratio and dosage, the optimal formulation of the free radical light curing system was obtained: 60% epoxy acrylate (EA), 35% composite diluent (TPGDA:HDDA=8:2, mass ratio), 4.5% composite photoinitiator (184:TPO=4:6, mass ratio), the tensile strength of the cured film is 30.42 MPa, the elongation at break is 14.5%, and the impact strength is 2.41 kJ/m², which is brittle fracture and has good thermal stability.

On the basis of optimizing the optimal formula of the free radical light curing system, epoxy resin E-51 was added as a cationic prepolymer to study the optimal formulation of the hybrid system. The results show that the dosage of cationic photoinitiator is 4%, the mass ratio of EA to E-51 is 6:4, the post-curing temperature is 80°C, and the comprehensive performance of the resin is the best when curing is 4 h. Compared with free radical light-curing resin, the elongation at break decreased by 6.2%, the tensile strength and impact strength increased by 27.53% and 140%, respectively, and the shrinkage decreased by 60%. Before and after mixing, it changed from brittle fracture to ductile fracture, and the thermal stability of the system was improved after mixing.

(3) SMA was selected to modify ESO, and SMA-ESO was mixed with E-51 to prepare a cationic light curing system, and then mixed with the free radical system to obtain the modified hybrid system. The mass ratio of ESO to SMA is 6:4 and the mass ratio of SMA-ESO to E-51 is 5:5, the comprehensive performance is the best, the tensile strength is 22.3 MPa, the elongation at break is 36.4%, the impact strength is 15.4 kJ/m², the hardness is 85.6 HA, compared with the previous modification, the elongation at break, impact strength and tensile strength are increased by 180.8%, 143.4% and 17.4%, respectively, and the thermal stability is also improved.

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