近年来我国煤矿安全生产形势严峻，瓦斯爆炸事故频发，开展瓦斯爆炸抑制材料及 其抑爆作用的研究迫在眉睫。通过对目前国内外瓦斯防治及抑爆材料与相关技术的分 析，本论文在纳米材料具有特殊效应的基础上，通过材料特性与抑爆可行性分析选取系 列具有纳米特性的物质如气溶胶、盐类活化水雾、纳米Si02、天然纳米孔结构材料 硅藻土等以及与之相比较的镁系、铝系、磷系超细粉体作为瓦斯抑爆材料，对瓦斯 爆炸抑制进行了系统实验研究。． 自行设计、改进了xKwB．S型、xKwB．1型气体爆炸实验装置，从抑爆材料的种 类、粒度、添加量等方面进行了系列瓦斯抑爆实验，以爆炸极限、爆炸感应期、火焰峰 值速率、最大爆炸压力、最大爆炸压力上升速率以及压力峰值时间等特性参数作为抑爆 效能表征参数，研究了抑爆过程中瓦斯爆炸火焰传播及压力变化规律。结果表明，不同 抑爆材料对爆炸火焰传播和压力特性参数的影响不同，起到了不同程度的抑制作用，且 存在一最佳抑爆添加量。其中无冷却气溶胶、KCl活化水雾、NH4H2P04粉体在现有实验 装置和条件下抑制住了瓦斯爆炸，取得了较好的效果。 基于稳态法原理推导出了瓦斯爆炸总包反应速率方程，并应用GaIlSsi锄软件对瓦斯 爆炸链式反应中8个基元反应进行了微观热力学和动力学的数值计算与分析，表明瓦斯 爆炸反应过程中产生的自由基H0，、HeO、0对爆炸具有决定性意义，提出了消除爆 炸反应中的H6，、HeO、0自由基是瓦斯抑爆的关键因素所在，并验证了系列抑爆材 料的实质抑爆作用。在此基础上，基于链式反应理论从材料的纳米化以及反应中自由 基与原子性能等效原理等方面分析了瓦斯抑爆材料的作用。 论文通过系列抑爆实验与抑爆作用的分析与研究，为矿井瓦斯爆炸灾害控制提供了 重要的参考和依据。

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