在文物保护和重建过程中，构建文物的三维模型是一项基础性工作。精确的文物数字模型能够记录文物的原始三维信息和纹理信息，从而为文物的修缮工作提供重要的数据和模型支持。所以，如何准确而迅速地建立文物数字表面模型成为了三维重建的关键问题。但对于具有不易接触、纹理丰富且轮廓复杂特点的文物而言，用常规的方法很难办到，甚至是不可能的。近景摄影测量技术以其较小的数据量、快捷的处理、低廉的成本以及高精度的特点在文物三维重建方面日渐表现出不可比拟的优势。本文讨论了一种简捷可行的数字近景摄影测量方法，用非量测型普通数码相机对文物摄影获取其数字影像，用PhotoModeler Scanner软件依据近景摄影测量原理生成其三维模型，并实现了文物模型在三维虚拟场景中的漫游和量测功能。其主要研究工作如下： （1）利用非量测型普通数码相机获取文物影像数据，针对普通数码相机的相机检校问题以及近景摄影测量中的数据采集方式进行研究。 （2）选用专业的近景摄影测量软件PhotoModeler Scanner对文物影像数据进行处理，展开了对三维重建过程中涉及到的多基线影像匹配、相对定向、光束法平差以及切面投影三角构网和透视纹理映射等近景摄影测量原理的研究。 （3）选用不同形状和尺寸的文物作为三维重建实例对象，并对其实验结果进行对比分析研究，探索出针对不同形状尺寸的文物在PhotoModeler Scanner平台建模的优化方案。 （4）完成文物三维重建后，针对文物三维模型的输出与虚拟仿真进行研究，在Skyline平台上实现了文物模型在虚拟场景的漫游和量测功能。

Build three-dimensional model of the relics is a basic work in the preservation and reconstruction process of cultural relics. The precise digital model of relics can record original three-dimensional information and texture information of the relics，which provides important data and model support for cultural relics repair work. So，how to establish a the relics digital surface model accurately and quickly become a three-dimensional reconstruction of the key issues. But to the relics which with easy access， rich texture and contour complex features，it’s very difficult by using conventional methods，or even impossible. Close-range photogrammetry technology which with small amount of data， fast processing， low cost， and high precision characteristics， increasingly demonstrated unparalleled advantage in 3D reconstruction of relics. This article discusses a simple and feasible method of digital close-range photogrammetry，useing non-measurement ordinary digital camera to get its heritage photography digital imaging， after image processing to generate three-dimensional model based on the principle of close-range photogrammetry on PhotoModeler Scanner software.And making heritage models have roaming and measurement functions in three-dimensional virtual scene.The main research work are as follows： (1)Using non-measurement ordinary digital camera for the relics image data， and camera calibration of ordinary digital camera as well as data collection methods of close-range photogrammetry were studied. (2)Selected professional close-range photogrammetry software PhotoModeler Scanner for processing of the relics image data，and expand on principle of close-range photogrammetry research in Multi-baseline image matching， relative orientation， bundle adjustment， cut triangular structure network and perspective projection texture mapping. (3) Choice of different shapes and sizes relics instance of the object as a three-dimensional reconstruction， by comparing and analyzing the results ， to explore the artifacts in different shapes and sizes modeling optimization method on PhotoModeler Scanner software. (4) Relics dimensional reconstruction is completed， studying for the output of the relics of the three-dimensional model of the virtual exhibition， the relics model roaming in the virtual scene and measurement functions in the Skyline platform.